Trees for Health Garden Map

Full List of Sections

• Section 1A

Section 1A

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Century Plant

Agave americana



With a life span of ten to twenty-five years, the Agave americana is known for its size, ranging from six to ten feet wide with thick barbed blue-green leaves. It produces yellow flowers from a tall stalk in the plant's center, which bloom once during the plant's lifetime. After this, the agave dies.

Medicinal Use

The Agave's sap can be used for low-glycemic index sweeteners, and the fibers of the leaves can be used for clothes. The roots of the plant are also used to distill Tequila.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 6'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Early summer
• Native To: Southwestern United States, Mexico

Aloe

Aloe species



Aloe is a large genus with over 500 species. Aloes typically exhibit rosettes of succulent leaves with sharp teeth along the edges and orange or red tubular flowers.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Succulent
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Desert Willow

Chilopsis linearis



The Desert Willow is a large shrub or multi-trunked tree that is drought tolerant because of its very deep roots that reach water below the surface in its native desert locations. In spring, it produces showy, fragrant, tubular pink flowers.

Medicinal Use

The leaves and bark of the Desert Willow tree are used for fungal infections or skin dressing for abrasions. The blossoms are used to brew anti-anxiety tea.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 15'-25'
• Mature Width: 10'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, Lavender, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and Southwestern United States and Mexico

Catalina Silverlace

Eriophyllum nevinii



The Catalina Silverlace is a member of the aster family and originates from the Channel Islands. It is found on only three of the Channel Islands. The Catalina Silverlace can grow to be over three feet tall and it has white-like wooly oval leaves that contrast its bright yellow flowers.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 3'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: White
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Channel Islands, California

Iris

Iris species



There are over two or three hundred species of Iris, with bearded irises being the most popular. The American Iris Society groups bearded irises based on size: miniature dwarf, dwarf, intermediate, miniature tall, border, and tall.

Medicinal Use

Used as fixatives in perfume.

• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Chinese Juniper

Juniperus chinensis



The Chinese Juniper is a member of the Cypress family, native to China and Eastern Russia. One of the most common plants used in the Japanese art of Bonsai. Also popularly used as an ornamental shrub in gardens, parks, and coastal homes on the West and East coasts.

Medicinal Use

The Chinese Juniper's seed pods are the only known part of the plant with medicinal properties. The seed pods are used for internal pain, as a contraceptive and depilatory, and as an aid in menstrual flow. The berries are used for urinary tract infections.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 20'-40'
• Mature Width: 20'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3 to 9
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Season: Fall, Winter
• Native To: Northeastern Asia

Lavender

Lavandula angustifolia



The name lavender comes from the Latin verb “lavare,” meaning “to wash.” Lavender’s popular scent has commonly been used as an ingredient in bath products, perfumes, and aromatherapy.

Medicinal Use

Lavender is used as an oral (by mouth) dietary supplement for calming anxiety, stress, and other conditions. It is also used for aromatherapy and topical use

• Plant Type: Evergreen perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 2'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Gray-green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean region, including the countries of France, Spain, Andorra, and Italy.

Afghan Pine

Pinus eldirica



The Afghan Pine is the national tree of Afghanistan. It is known by many names, including Desert Pine, Turkish Pine, and East Mediterranean Pine. It grows well in dry conditions like those found in California deserts. It is closely related to the Aleppo Pine, also found here in the Trees for Health Garden.

Medicinal Use

The sap from the Afghan Pine has been used as an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant. The needles have been used to make tea high in Vitamin C.

• Plant Type: Conifer, Evergreen
• Mature Height: 30'-60'
• Mature Width: 20'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 6 to 9 and 12 to 24
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Winter
• Native To: Armenia, Azerbijan

Goldenrod

Solidago canadensis



Goldenrod is a perennial in the daisy family with small yellow flowers in cascading clusters. It spreads by seeds and rhizomes and it is attractive to butterflies and bees.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Goldenrod are made into teas and then used to help treat kidney disorders, urinary tract infections, overactive bladder conditions, and prostatic diseases.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-6'
• Mature Width: 4'-6'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Gold or Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Canada, United States

Chaste Tree, Chasteberry

Vitex agnus-castus



The Chaste Tree can be grown as a small tree or large shrub and does well in a waterwise garden. It is a member of the mint family and has pleasantly fragrant leaves.

Medicinal Use

The Chaste Tree has many medicinal uses as it stimulates progesterone. The seeds from the tree are used as a hormone balancer and for menstrual and menopausal problems.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 12'-15'
• Mature Width: 15'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 6 to 10
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Blue, Lavender
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean

Beach Vitex

Vitex rotundifolia



The spicy-smelling Beach Vitex has several ways to transport its seeds into the soil. Though the shrub is considered invasive in parts of the United States, its knack for multiplying means it is used as ground cover for inland gardens across the country.

Medicinal Use

Beach Vitex has been used to help with symptoms of Premenstrual syndrome, headache, migraine, colds, and eye pain.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Shrub
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 2'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring or Late Summer
• Native To: Asia, Australia

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• Section 1B

Section 1B

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Sugar Gum

Eucalyptus cladocalyx



The Sugar Gum is a large, drought-tolerant eucalyptus that has fragrant white flowers that bloom in the summer or fall. Its fruits have a distinctive bowl shape and its smooth bark peels away to reveal a multitude of brown, cream, and gray colors underneath.

Medicinal Use

Eucalyptus essential oils have been widely used in traditional medicine for helping treat airborne infectious diseases. These oils have also been used similarly to disinfectant.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 90'
• Mature Width: 45'-75'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Green, Cream
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Southern Australia

Blue Gum Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globulus



Blue Gum Eucalyptus trees can grow to be extremely large. They have exfoliating bark, sickle-shaped leaves, and fruit that is gray to blue-white in color. Blue Gum Eucalyptus is not native to Southern California but is often seen in parklands or city canyons in San Diego.

Medicinal Use

Blue Gum Eucalyptus leaves are used for respiratory congestion and steam inhalation for colds and flu. The aromatic oils are also used as a flea repellent.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 100'-120'
• Mature Width: 30'-80'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Cream, Gray, Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow or White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Australia

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• Section 2A

Section 2A

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Pecan

Carya illinoensis



The Pecan or Hardy Pecan is grown mostly for its nuts, which appear in the summer after the tree has bloomed. Pecan trees are monoecious (have separate male and female flowers on the same tree), however they are not self-pollinating.

Medicinal Use

The Pecan nut inside of the fruit is a source of essential oils and protein. The inner bark is used as a tonic, laxative, and salve.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Tree
• Mature Height: 70'-100'
• Mature Width: 40'-75'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Green, Gold, Yellow, Brown
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Gold, Green
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Central United States, Mexico

Fringe tree

Chionanthus virginicus



The Fringe Tree is a member of the olive family that grows throughout the eastern United States from Florida to Massachusetts. Native American tribes used its roots and bark to treat skin inflammations, sores, and wounds. The plant is currently under threat from the emerald ash borer.

Medicinal Use

The Fringe Tree's inner bark has been used to help treat liver and gallbladder diseases and stimulate appetite. As a tonic, it has been used as a preventative for migraines.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 20'
• Mature Width: 12'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 4 to 9
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Green, White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Southeastern United States

Mexican Mint

Coleus amboinicus



Mexican Mint is commonly used in folk medicine to address various ailments, including but not limited to asthma, headaches, skin disorders, coughs, constipation, colds, and fevers.

Medicinal Use

Numerous pharmacological properties of Coleus amboinicus crude extracts have been documented, including but not limited to antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, wound healing, analgesic, antirheumatic, and various other therapeutic effects.

• Plant Type: Perennial
• Mature Height: 1.5'
• Mature Width: 2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9a to 11b
• Colors: Gray-green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India

Dragon Tree

Dracaena draco



This tree species grows slowly. Over many decades its stems branch repeatedly, creating an umbrella-like shape. Its bright red fruits and red sap give the Dragon Tree its name.

Medicinal Use

Dragon’s blood, the red resin of the Dragon Tree, has been used to heal wounds and as an astringent.

• Plant Type: Evergeen
• Mature Height: 15'-25'
• Mature Width: 15'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Green, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Autumn
• Native To: Canary Islands

Catalina Silverlace

Eriophyllum nevinii



The Catalina Silverlace is a member of the aster family and originates from the Channel Islands. It is found on only three of the Channel Islands. The Catalina Silverlace can grow to be over three feet tall and it has white-like wooly oval leaves that contrast its bright yellow flowers.

Medicinal Use

The Miwok tribe made a poultice of the leaves of this plant and bound them to aching parts of the body and the Skagit rubbed the leaves on skin to prevent chapping.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 3'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: White-green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Channel Islands, California

Dusty Miller, Silver Ragwort

Jacobaea maritima



Dusty Miller is generally grown for its silvery, wooly foliage, which provides a nice contrast to other garden plantings. It has small, somewhat insignificant yellow flowers and grows well in many conditions.

Medicinal Use

Dusty Miller has been used for eye issues and respiratory issues. However, if not used under the guidance of a professional it can be toxic.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7a to 10b
• Colors: Gray, Silver
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Northern Africa, Western Asia, Europe

Chinese Juniper

Juniperus chinensis



The Chinese Juniper is a member of the Cypress family, native to China and Eastern Russia. One of the most common plants used in the Japanese art of Bonsai. Also popularly used as an ornamental shrub in gardens, parks, and coastal homes on the West and East coasts.

Medicinal Use

The Chinese Juniper's seed pods are the only known part of the plant with medicinal properties. The seed pods are used for internal pain, as a contraceptive and depilatory, and as an aid in menstrual flow. The berries are used for urinary tract infections.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 20'-40'
• Mature Width: 20'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3 to 9
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Season: Fall, Winter
• Native To: Northeastern Asia

Lantana

Lantana camara



Lantana is a common houseplant that is also used as a shrub or groundcover due to its quick sprawl. Bright pink and yellow flowers bloom in midsummer and attract butterflies, hummingbirds, and other pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Lantana leaves have been used as an anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-hypertensive agent, tonic, and expectorant. The roots are known to help in the treatment of rheumatism, skin rashes, and malaria.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-6'
• Mature Width: 3'-5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Gold, Yellow, Pink, Orange, Purple, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: West Indies, Mexico, Tropical America

Bay Laurel

Lauris nobilis



The Bay Laurel is a Mediterranean native shrub or tree that produces bay leaves commonly used in cooking. Roman author Pliny the Elder referenced using the oil of the leaves around 50 AD as a treatment for sciatica, bruises, headaches, and ear infections.

Medicinal Use

The Bay Laurel's leaves are the only known parts of the tree that are used. The leaves are primarily used as a food seasoning, but other uses include as an aid in digesting fats, as an antiseptic, for aromatic oils, and as a tea for lung congestion.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 10'-35'
• Mature Width: 15'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Blue-Green, Gray-Green, Silver, Gray
• Bloom Color: Green, White, Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Mediterranean

Spanish Lavender

Lavandula stoechas



Lavender can grow in various conditions but thrives in hot, dry climates. It attracts bees and butterflies making it a perfect addition to a pollinator garden. Its blooms can also be used for essential oil or dried into potpourri.

Medicinal Use

Lavender has been used medicinally for centuries for a wide variety of ailments including pain relief, skin health, mood, anxiety, and sleep. It is available in many forms including essential oils, extracts, and teas.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 2'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 9b
• Colors: Green, Gray, Silver
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Northwest Africa, Mediterranean

Goji Berry

Lycium barbarum



It is widely grown for its edible berries

Medicinal Use

Goji berries have been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine to help treat poor vision, anemia, inflammation, and cough. They are also consumed as food and used in soup recipes. Lycium has gained immense popularity in the United States over the past decade because of its antioxidant properties.

• Plant Type: Deciduous shrub
• Mature Height: 8'
• Mature Width: 12'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 4 to 9
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Asia and southeastern Europe

Oregon Grape

Mahonia aquifolium



The Oregon Grape is the state flower of Oregon. The berries of the Oregon Grape are eaten by wildlife and are also used to make jelly. The bark and wood were used by Native Americans to made a yellow dye. Pollination ecologists acknowledge the plant provides special value by attracting a large number of native bees.

Medicinal Use

The Oregon Grape has been used mainly to treat gastritis and general digestive weakness. The root and root bark has been used to help improve digestion. It has been used as a gargle for sore throats and as a wash for bloodshot eyes. The fruit has been used as a laxative.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 6'
• Mature Width: 5'
• Sun Needs: Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 4 to 8
• Colors: Green, Red, Copper
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: North America

Lemon Balm

Melissa officinalis



Lemon Balm is part of the mint family, producing edible, lemon-scented leaves that can be brewed as tea or used as flavoring in various dishes. It prefers well-draining soils but becomes drought-tolerant once established.

Medicinal Use

Lemon Balm was used in traditional medicine for nervousness, anxiety, insomnia and menstrual irregularities.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 3a to 7b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Southern Europe

Wood Sorrels

Oxalis acetosella



These dainty sleeping beauties fold up their leaves and flowers at nightfall. Seek them out in cool, damp corners of ancient woodlands where they thrive in undisturbed soils.

Medicinal Use

Wood sorrel was used in the past for treating scurvy due to its high vitamin C content.

• Plant Type: Perennial Plant
• Mature Height: 2"-4"
• Mature Width: 3"-6"
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Europe

Rose Geranium

Pelargonium gravolens



Geraniums have rose-scented leaves that are used to produce geranium oil, a less expensive substitute for the attar of roses used in the perfume trade.

Medicinal Use

The essential oil from the rose geranium is used in aromatherapy to soothe and uplift.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southern Africa, Limpopo Province

Dogbane

Plectranthus caninus



Dogbane is an evergreen perennial with slightly fleshy scalloped-edged leaves. In summer, it produces showy spikes of violet flowers. If brushed against, the foliage has an unpleasant smell, which is said to repel cats, dogs, and other mammals. It is not to be confused with Apocynum cannabinum, a different plant that also has the common name 'Dogsbane,' which is toxic to dogs and other mammals, including humans, and is not found in this garden.

Medicinal Use

Dogbane is a Ground Cover. Research is currently being done on its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

• Plant Type: Evergreen, Perennial
• Mature Height: 0.5'-1.5'
• Mature Width: 0.5'-1.5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: North America

Lombardy Poplar

Populus nigra



Also known as Black Poplar, the Lombardy Poplar is a fast growing, narrow tree native to Europe and northwestern Africa. It is commonly used as a windbreak and does best in full sun.

Medicinal Use

The inner bark of the Lombardy Poplar is used for tea rich in salicylates for fevers, muscle pain, as a diuretic, expectorant, and bitter tonic. The sap from the tree has been used to make a topical treatment for wounds.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 60'-100'
• Mature Width: 30'-50'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 2 to 10
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Red
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Europe, Western and Central Asia, Northern Africa

Lemonade Berry

Rhus integrefolia



Lemonade Berry can grow as a shrub or small tree, depending on conditions. It thrives in low-elevation coastal canyons. It produces tart berries from February to May that are a significant food source for birds and small mammals.

Medicinal Use

Tea from the stems of Lemonade Berry can be used to treat coughs. Tea made from the bark, berries, or leaves can be gargled for sore throats or cold sores. Allergies are common to Lemonade Berry so caution is advised if consuming for the first time.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 3'-30'
• Mature Width: 3'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Southern California

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

Verbena

Verbena officinalis



An erect, branched, perennial wildflower, with roughly hairy, deeply lobed leaves. In late summer it produces wiry spikes bearing numerous tiny pale purple flowers

Medicinal Use

Verbena's benefits include antitumor effects, nerve cell protection, anxiety-reducing and convulsion-reducing properties, and antimicrobial properties.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 4'
• Mature Width: 1.5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Ireland

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• Section 2B

Section 2B

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Cootamundra Wattle

Acacia baileyana



This tree has a wide-spreading canopy and a strong, straight trunk. Its deep root system can help stabilize soils. The bright yellow bloom clusters contrast its grey-green, lacy foliage and attract birds and bees.

Medicinal Use

There were multiple medicinal uses for the Cootamundra Wattle by indigenous Australians, including being used to help treat diarrhoea, hyperglycemia, and as a general antiseptic agent.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 30'
• Mature Width: 20'-40'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green, Silver-Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Australia

Tropical Milkweed

Asclepias curassavica



Tropical Milkweed's bright flowers are a staple for pollinators like hummingbirds and butterflies. Its long leaves are a food source for Monarch butterfly larvae.

Medicinal Use

A tea made from the root can be used for headaches, coughs, and bloody diarrhea. The milky stem latex is used to treat warts, calluses, corns, and skin sores.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange, Yellow, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Central America, South America

Ylang Ylang

Cananga odorata



The Ylang Ylang tree produces two essential oils that are both used in the perfumes and soaps. Its wood is used for construction.

Medicinal Use

The Ylang Ylang has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antifertility, antihyperglycemic, sedative, and relaxing properties. It is used as an insect repellent and in cosmetic products such as skin care products, hair products, and as a sunscreen.

• Plant Type: Tree
• Mature Height: 50'-65'
• Sun Needs: None
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Continuously once mature
• Native To: Southeast Asia

Fortnight Lily

Dietes iridioides



The Fortnight Lily is actually not a lily, but a member of the Iris family. It produces fan-shaped leaves, and its flowers last one day, but are quickly replaced. The Fortnight Lily often booms in bursts that often occur at 2 week intervals, hence the common name of 'Fortnight Lily'.

Medicinal Use

In mostly African cultures, the Fortnight Lily is used for treating dysentery, hypertension, and painful periods, as well as using it to ward off bad luck. Caution: this plant is toxic to animals.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-4'
• Mature Width: 2'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southern and Eastern Africa

California Poppy

Eschscholzia californica



The California Poppy is the state flower of California. This orange wildflower has blue-green leaves and can be seen in groupings along roadsides in spring. It is easily grown from seed as it will self-seed and spread without being invasive.

Medicinal Use

Native Americans had many uses for the California Poppy. It was used to dry up breast milk, as a sedative, as a topical to kill lice, for stomach aches, and to help with tuberculosis. Today extracts of the California Poppy are used to ease anxiety and sleeplessness.

• Plant Type: Annual Herb, Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 2"-24"
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Blue-Green
• Bloom Color: Orange, Yellow
• Bloom Season: Year-round
• Native To: California

Iris

Iris species



There are over two or three hundred species of Iris, with bearded irises being the most popular. The American Iris Society groups bearded irises based on size: miniature dwarf, dwarf, intermediate, miniature tall, border, and tall.

• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Lantana

Lantana camara



Lantana is a common houseplant that is also used as a shrub or groundcover due to its quick sprawl. Bright pink and yellow flowers bloom in midsummer and attract butterflies, hummingbirds, and other pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Lantana leaves have been used as an anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-hypertensive agent, tonic, and expectorant. The roots are known to help in the treatment of rheumatism, skin rashes, and malaria.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-6'
• Mature Width: 3'-5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Pink, Orange, Purple, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: West Indies, Mexico, Tropical America

Spanish Lavender

Lavandula stoechas



Lavender can grow in various conditions but thrives in hot, dry climates. It attracts bees and butterflies making it a perfect addition to a pollinator garden. Its blooms can also be used for essential oil or dried into potpourri.

Medicinal Use

Lavender has been used medicinally for centuries for a wide variety of ailments including pain relief, skin health, mood, anxiety, and sleep. It is available in many forms including essential oils, extracts, and teas.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 2'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 9b
• Colors: Green, Gray, Silver
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Northwest Africa, Mediterranean

Lemon Balm

Melissa officinalis



Lemon Balm is part of the mint family, producing edible, lemon-scented leaves that can be brewed as tea or used as flavoring in various dishes. It prefers well-draining soils but becomes drought-tolerant once established.

Medicinal Use

Lemon Balm was used in traditional medicine for nervousness, anxiety, insomnia and menstrual irregularities.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 3a to 7b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Southern Europe

Rose Geranium

Pelargonium gravolens



Geraniums have rose-scented leaves that are used to produce geranium oil, a less expensive substitute for the attar of roses used in the perfume trade.

Medicinal Use

The essential oil from the rose geranium is used in aromatherapy to soothe and uplift.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southern Africa, Limpopo Province

Cork Oak

Quercus suber



As its name suggests, this tree is known for its valuable spongy bark, which can be harvested to make cork. The leaves are a leathery dark green with a lighter underside. Wildlife uses the Cork Oak's acorns as a food source.

Medicinal Use

Parts of the Cork Oak tree can be used as an astringent or to help treat dysentery.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 40'-70'
• Mature Width: 40'-70'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Western Mediterranean, North Africa

Clary Sage

Salvia sclarea



This short-lived perennial is part of the mint family. It thrives in a sunny Mediterranean climate and is drought-tolerant. Clary Sage is also known as "clear eye" due to its seed's medicinal use in reducing eye inflammation.

Medicinal Use

All parts of the Clary Sage can be used to make a calming tea for menstrual pain and PMS, but should not be taken by pregnant women. It has also been used for stomach and kidney disorders and for menopausal issues.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-5'
• Mature Width: 2'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 4 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

Mullein

Verbascum thapsus



This plant, also known as wooly mullein, is an herbaceous biennial or short-lived perennial with a deep tap root. In the first year plants are low-growing rosettes of felt-like leaves.

Medicinal Use

Mullein has been used to help treat pulmonary problems, inflammatory diseases, asthma, spasmodic coughs, diarrhea, and migraine headaches. Although it has been used medicinally since ancient times, the popularity of common mullein has been increasing commercially for the past few years.

• Plant Type: Biennial
• Mature Height: 10'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3a to 9b
• Colors: Green, Silver
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Fall, Summer
• Native To: Europe

Verbena

Verbena officinalis



An erect, branched, perennial wildflower, with roughly hairy, deeply lobed leaves. In late summer it produces wiry spikes bearing numerous tiny pale purple flowers

Medicinal Use

Verbena's benefits include antitumor effects, nerve cell protection, anxiety-reducing and convulsion-reducing properties, and antimicrobial properties.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 4'
• Mature Width: 1.5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Ireland

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• Section 2C

Section 2C

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Tropical Milkweed

Asclepias curassavica



Tropical Milkweed's bright flowers are a staple for pollinators like hummingbirds and butterflies. Its long leaves are a food source for Monarch butterfly larvae.

Medicinal Use

A tea made from the root can be used for headaches, coughs, and bloody diarrhea. The milky stem latex is used to treat warts, calluses, corns, and skin sores.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange, Yellow, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Central America, South America

Angel's Trumpet

Brugmansia arborea



The Angel's Trumpet tree is native to South American and is related to the Jimson Weed. Its long trumpet-like flowers have a wonderful scent. Both the flowers and seeds are poisonous.

Medicinal Use

All parts of the Angel's Trumpet tree are considered poisonous. Eating the plant can cause disturbing hallucinations, paralysis, tachycardia, memory loss, and can be fatal. Atropine and scopolamine are used in various medicines in small, controlled quantities. Some of the medicinal uses are to dry up and dilate bronchia, dilate eyes, and relieve bowel distress.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 10'-15'
• Mature Width: 10'-12'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: South America

Blue Gum Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globulus



Blue Gum Eucalyptus trees can grow to be extremely large. They have exfoliating bark, sickle-shaped leaves, and fruit that is gray to blue-white in color. Blue Gum Eucalyptus is not native to Southern California but is often seen in parklands or city canyons in San Diego.

Medicinal Use

Blue Gum Eucalyptus leaves are used for respiratory congestion and steam inhalation for colds and flu. The aromatic oils are also used as a flea repellent.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 100'-120'
• Mature Width: 30'-80'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Cream, Gray, Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Australia

Iris

Iris species



There are over two or three hundred species of Iris, with bearded irises being the most popular. The American Iris Society groups bearded irises based on size: miniature dwarf, dwarf, intermediate, miniature tall, border, and tall.

• Plant Type: Flowering plant genus
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Queen Crepe Myrtle

Lagerstroemia speciosa



The Queen Crepe Myrtle is a distant relative to the pomegranate. It is native to India and can be found throughout southern tropical Asia and into Australia. Its large crepe-paper-like flowers range in color from bright pink to light purple.

Medicinal Use

A number of beneficial properties for glucose regulation have been found from the Crepe Myrtle. Specific properties include enhanced cellular uptake of glucose, improved insulin sensitivity, and inhibiting intestinal hydrolysis of sucrose.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Tree
• Mature Height: 40'-60'
• Mature Width: 30'-40'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10b to 11b
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: China

Lantana

Lantana camara



Lantana is a common houseplant that is also used as a shrub or groundcover due to its quick sprawl. Bright pink and yellow flowers bloom in midsummer and attract butterflies, hummingbirds, and other pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Lantana leaves have been used as an anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-hypertensive agent, tonic, and expectorant. The roots are known to help in the treatment of rheumatism, skin rashes, and malaria.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-6'
• Mature Width: 3'-5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Pink, Orange, Purple, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: West Indies, Mexico, Tropical America

South African Geranium

Pelargonium sidoides



A shrubby perennial forming dense mounds of fuzzy and silvery-gray, rounded to heart-shaped foliage. Clusters of showy deep burgundy flowers

Medicinal Use

Pelargonium sidoides is a popular medicinal plant used in traditional medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments has been transformed into a phytopharmaceutical for treating respiratory tract infections.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Shrub
• Mature Height: 1'
• Mature Width: 8"-12"
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10-11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Black (Dark reddish-purple (almost black))
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: South Africa (Cape Province, Orange Free State, Transvaal), Lesotho

Allspice

Pimenta dioica



Native to the West Indies, Mexico, and Central America, the dried unripe fruits from this small, evergreen tree are ground up into the cooking spice known as Allspice.

Medicinal Use

The berries from the Allspice plant must first be dried before being used for medicinal purposes. Once dried, Allspice has been used to relieve indigestion, flatulence, diabetes, as a local anesthetic, and as a kitchen spice to preserve foods.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Water Needs: Low
• Mature Height: 20'-40'
• Mature Width: 15'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Central America, Caribbean, Mexico

Lemonade Berry

Rhus integrefolia



Lemonade Berry can grow as a shrub or small tree, depending on conditions. It thrives in low-elevation coastal canyons. It produces tart berries from February to May that are a significant food source for birds and small mammals.

Medicinal Use

Tea from the stems of Lemonade Berry can be used to treat coughs. Tea made from the bark, berries, or leaves can be gargled for sore throats or cold sores. Allergies are common to Lemonade Berry so caution is advised if consuming for the first time.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 3'-30'
• Mature Width: 3'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Southern California

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus



Originally native to the Mediterranean region, Rosemary is now widely cultivated worldwide. Its aromatic leaves are often used in cooking as an herb. The name Rosemary means 'dew of the sea', aptly named because it can tolerate salty coastlines.

Medicinal Use

Traditionally, rosemary has been used to improve memory, relieve muscle pain and muscle spasms, stimulate hair growth, and support the circulatory and nervous systems.

• Plant Type: Herb, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 4'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 10b
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Africa, Europe, Western Asia, Mediterranean

Corkscrew Willow

Salix matsudana 'Tortuosa'



This round-crowned tree is notable for its decorative twisted twigs and foliage, often used in flower arrangements. Although it requires a location with moist soils, it is more drought-tolerant than most willows.

Medicinal Use

The fresh bark of the Corkscrew Willow decomposes into salicylic acid (closely related to aspirin) in the human body and is used as a painkiller and fever reducer.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 25'-35'
• Mature Width: 25'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5 to 9
• Colors: Green
• Native To: China

Tamarind

Tamaridus indica



Tamarind has a short trunk and a wide tree canopy. It has fern-like foliage and flowers that develop seed pods that are processed into a pulp used for cooking.

Medicinal Use

Tamarind is used in the beverage Tamarindo. It has a sour flavor and is used in food including A1 Steak Sauce. Tamarind is also used medicinally to help stimulate digestive juices and salivary secretions, treat dehydration, for its antimicrobial and antifungal properties, to help balance blood sugar, as a laxative, and to help break fevers.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 40-60 ft
• Mature Width: 30'-50'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: White, Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Tropical Africa

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

Return to Map

• Section 2D

Section 2D

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Borage

Borago officinalis



Borage is an annual plant with bright blue flowers. The leaves are a dull gray-green, wrinkled, and covered with bristly hairs. The flowers are used for creating a blue dye.

Medicinal Use

Borage is used to treat fevers, chest problems, and kidney problems. It should not be used by people with liver problems

• Plant Type: Annual plant
• Mature Height: 1' 7" - 3' 2"
• Mature Width: 1' - 1'4"
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 2 to 11
• Colors: Gray, Silver
• Bloom Color: Blue
• Bloom Season: Fall, Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean

Angel's Trumpet

Brugmansia arborea



The Angel's Trumpet tree is native to South American and is related to the Jimson Weed. Its long trumpet-like flowers have a wonderful scent. Both the flowers and seeds are poisonous.

Medicinal Use

All parts of the Angel's Trumpet tree are considered poisonous. Eating the plant can cause disturbing hallucinations, paralysis, tachycardia, memory loss, and can be fatal. Atropine and scopolamine are used in various medicines in small, controlled quantities. Some of the medicinal uses are to dry up and dilate bronchia, dilate eyes, and relieve bowel distress.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 10'-15'
• Mature Width: 10'-12'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: South America

Senna/Cassia

Cassia artemioides



The Senna or Cassia is a billowing, upright, lacy shrub with yellow flowers that attract birds and butterflies with its strong, musky fragrance.

Medicinal Use

Cassia artemisioides or Feathery Cassia is primarily used for its bean pods. The bean pods are said to be used as a laxative by many cultures and in commercial preparations.

• Plant Type: Evergreen perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 3'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Australia

Cedar of Lebanon

Cedrus libani



The Cedar of Lebanon is native to the Mediterranean and is renowned for its fragrant bark. The tree is mentioned several times in the Bible and the Epic of Gilgamesh. It is the national emblem of Lebanon.

Medicinal Use

The needles and bark of the Cedar of Lebanon are known for their antiseptic and expectorant properties, and have been used in the treatment of respiratory ailments. The bark has been used for cleaning the respiratory tract and relieving conditions like coughs and colds.

• Plant Type: Conical Evergreen
• Mature Height: 40'-60'
• Mature Width: 40'-70'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 6 to 9
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Season: Fall
• Native To: Mediterranean

Desert Willow

Chilopsis linearis



The Desert Willow is a large shrub or multi-trunked tree that is drought tolerant because of its very deep roots that reach water below the surface in its native desert locations. In spring, it produces showy, fragrant, tubular pink flowers.

Medicinal Use

The leaves and bark of the Desert Willow tree are used for fungal infections or skin dressing for abrasions. The blossoms are used to brew anti-anxiety tea.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 15'-25'
• Mature Width: 10'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, Lavender, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and Southwestern United States, Mexico

Pride of Madeira

Echium candicans



Discovered on the Atlantic Island of Madeira, the Pride of Madeira has been cultivated in many places around the world. It has escaped cultivation and is now quite cosmopolitan. The genus name comes from echis meaning viper because the nut formed from its flowers resemble the head of a viper.

Medicinal Use

Ethnobotanical uses and current research show the Pride of Madeira possesses antioxidant, analgesic, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral effects.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 5'-6'
• Mature Width: 6'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Blue, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Portugal

Ginkgo, Maidenhair Tree

Ginkgo biloba



The Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as the Ginkgo Tree, is the last surviving species of the order Ginkgoales, which first appeared over 290 million years ago. Fossils resembling Ginkgo biloba appeared over 170 million years ago in the mid-Jurassic period. This plant is known for its unique, fan-shaped leaves.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Ginkgo tree are used for lung, heart, and kidney disorders. It also increases mental alertness by improving overall circulatory performance

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 50'-80'
• Mature Width: 25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5 to 9
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: China

Queen Crepe Myrtle

Lagerstroemia speciosa



The Queen Crepe Myrtle is a distant relative to the pomegranate. It is native to India and can be found throughout southern tropical Asia and into Australia. Its large crepe-paper-like flowers range in color from bright pink to light purple.

Medicinal Use

A number of beneficial properties for glucose regulation have been found from the Crepe Myrtle. Specific properties include enhanced cellular uptake of glucose, improved insulin sensitivity, and inhibiting intestinal hydrolysis of sucrose.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Tree
• Mature Height: 40'-60'
• Mature Width: 30'-40'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10b to 11b
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: China

Dragon Fruit

Pitaya hylocereus



The Dragon Fruit cactus has the largest flowers in the cactus family. The opened blossom can have a diameter of up to one foot. The vibrant pink fruit it produces is prized worldwide for its mild, sweet taste and soft texture.

Medicinal Use

Studies have shown that Dragon Fruit can provide benefits relating to diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic disease, cancer, and cardiovascular disease due to the bioactive compounds found in the fruit.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 30'
• Mature Width: 3'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White, Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Fall
• Native To: Central America

Dogbane

Plectranthus caninus



Dogbane is an evergreen perennial with slightly fleshy scalloped-edged leaves. In summer, it produces showy spikes of violet flowers. If brushed against, the foliage has an unpleasant smell, which is said to repel cats, dogs, and other mammals. It is not to be confused with Apocynum cannabinum, a different plant that also has the common name 'Dogsbane,' which is toxic to dogs and other mammals, including humans, and is not found in this garden.

Medicinal Use

Dogbane is a Ground Cover. Research is currently being done on its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

• Plant Type: Evergreen, Perennial
• Mature Height: 0.5'-1.5'
• Mature Width: 0.5'-1.5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: North America

Honey Mesquite

Prosopis glandulosa



The Honey Mesquite is native to the Southwestern United States and is well adapted to desert climates. Its long seed pods provide food to many animals. As a desert shrub, it provides refuge for small animals. As a garden tree, it is not "well-behaved" and can be difficult to control.

Medicinal Use

Honey Mesquite's bean pods are the only part of the tree used medicinally. It is used as an astringent, anti-microbial, and as a cleaning wash for injuries, especially sore eyes. The bean pods are also a food source high in protein and starch, helping soothe inflamed stomachs/intestines.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 20'-30'
• Mature Width: 30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 11
• Colors: Green, Red
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Southwestern United States, Mexico

Pomegranate

Punica granatum



The Pomegranate gets its name from the Latin word for apple (pomium). It can grow as a tree or shrub, and produces trumpet-shaped orange and red flowers that yield round hard skinned fruits. The seeds, along with the juicy sacs that surround the seeds, are edible and the juice is used to make Grenadine.

Medicinal Use

The peel, seeds, and juice of the Pomegranate tree have medicinal properties. It is an astringent that helps kill intestinal parasites. Pomegranate also acts as an antiviral, controls diarrhea, is high in antioxidants, and helps reduce plaque in veins and arteries. Pomegranate has also been shown to have anti-tumoral activity for breast cancer.

• Plant Type: Deciduous shrub
• Mature Height: 6'-20'
• Mature Width: 4'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mid and Western Asia

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

Verbena

Verbena officinalis



An erect, branched, perennial wildflower, with roughly hairy, deeply lobed leaves. In late summer it produces wiry spikes bearing numerous tiny pale purple flowers

Medicinal Use

Verbena's benefits include antitumor effects, nerve cell protection, anxiety-reducing and convulsion-reducing properties, and antimicrobial properties.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 4'
• Mature Width: 1.5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Ireland

Return to Map

• Section 3A

Section 3A

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Dusty Miller / Silver Ragwort

Jacobaea maritima



Dusty Miller is generally grown for its silvery, wooly foliage, which provides a nice contrast to other garden plantings. It has small, somewhat insignificant yellow flowers and grows well in many conditions.

Medicinal Use

Dusty Miller has been used for eye issues and respiratory issues. However, if not used under the guidance of a professional it can be toxic.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7a to 10b
• Colors: Gray or Silver
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Northern Africa, Western Asia, Europe

African sausage

Kigelia africana



The African Sausage tree grows sausage-shaped fruits that can weigh up to 15 pounds. The fruit and seeds are toxic to humans but are traditionally used for ceremonies when fermented. The tree bark is strong enough to build boats out of, and its crinkly crimson flowers attract bats at night for pollinating, and its roots can be used for dyes.

Medicinal Use

The African Sausage is known for its long fruit pods that are extremely toxic. The inner bark is used for rheumatism, wounds, sores, dysentery, kidney trouble and has been used to make pharmaceuticals for skin cancer.

• Plant Type: Semi-deciduous
• Mature Height: 20'-40'
• Mature Width: 15'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Maroon, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Tropical Africa

Australian Tea Tree

Leptospermum laevigatum



Native to Western Australia, the Tea Tree is salt resistant and often planted in coastal climates to stabilize sand. Its seeds are dispersed by wind and water. It is used in the production of essential oils due to its antimicrobial properties

Medicinal Use

The Australian Tea Tree's leaves, pollen, oils, and blossoms are all used for medicinal purposes. Its oil is highly antimicrobial, so it is used in teas. The Manuka honey from the blossoms is used for wound care and post-surgery recovery.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 15'
• Mature Width: 10'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green, Cream
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Eastern Australia

Oregon Grape

Mahonia aquifolium



The Oregon Grape is the state flower of Oregon. The berries of the Oregon Grape are eaten by wildlife and are also used to make jelly. The bark and wood were used by Native Americans to made a yellow dye. Pollination ecologists acknowledge the plant provides special value by attracting a large number of native bees.

Medicinal Use

Native Americans chewed leaves of the Howard McMinn Ceanothus to aid with nausea and upset stomachs. Tea made from the leaves helped with diarrhea. A poultice of leaves reduced the discomfort of poison oak rashes.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 6'
• Mature Width: 5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 4 to 8
• Colors: Green, Red, Copper
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: North America

Rose Geranium

Pelargonium gravolens



Geraniums have rose-scented leaves that are used to produce geranium oil, a less expensive substitute for the attar of roses used in the perfume trade.

Medicinal Use

The essential oil from the rose geranium is used in aromatherapy to soothe and uplift.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southern Africa, Limpopo Province

Afghan Pine

Pinus eldirica



The Afghan Pine is the national tree of Afghanistan. It is known by many names, including Desert Pine, Turkish Pine, and East Mediterranean Pine. It grows well in dry conditions like those found in California deserts. It is closely related to the Aleppo Pine, also found here in the Trees for Health Garden.

Medicinal Use

The sap from the Afghan Pine has been used as an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant. The needles have been used to make tea high in Vitamin C.

• Plant Type: Conifer, Evergreen
• Mature Height: 30'-60'
• Mature Width: 20'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 6 to 9, 12 to 24
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Winter
• Native To: Armenia, Azerbijan

Verbena

Verbena officinalis



An erect, branched, perennial wildflower, with roughly hairy, deeply lobed leaves. In late summer it produces wiry spikes bearing numerous tiny pale purple flowers

Medicinal Use

Vervain's benefits include antitumor effects, nerve cell protection, anxiety-reducing and convulsion-reducing properties, and antimicrobial properties.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 4'
• Mature Width: 1.5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Ireland

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• Section 3B

Section 3B

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Marigold

Calendula officinalis



Calendula officinalis is an annual or short-lived perennial herb in the daisy family (Asteraceae) that thrives in almost any soil. It has been shown to help wounds heal faster.

Medicinal Use

Calendula has been used to help wounds heal faster and to improve skin hydration and firmness. The dried petals of the calendula plant are used in tinctures, ointments, and washes to treat burns, bruises, and cuts, as well as the minor infections they cause.

• Plant Type: Perennial herb
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 2 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange, Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Southern Europe, Mediterannean

Lantana

Lantana camara



Lantana is a common houseplant that is also used as a shrub or groundcover due to its quick sprawl. Bright pink and yellow flowers bloom in midsummer and attract butterflies, hummingbirds, and other pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Lantana leaves have been used as an anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-hypertensive agent, tonic, and expectorant. The roots are known to help in the treatment of rheumatism, skin rashes, and malaria.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-6'
• Mature Width: 3'-5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Pink, Orange, Purple, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: West Indies, Mexico, Tropical America

Australian Tea Tree

Leptospermum laevigatum



Native to Western Australia, the Tea Tree is salt resistant and often planted in coastal climates to stabilize sand. Its seeds are dispersed by wind and water. It is used in the production of essential oils due to its antimicrobial properties

Medicinal Use

The Australian Tea Tree's leaves, pollen, oils, and blossoms are all used for medicinal purposes. Its oil is highly antimicrobial, so it is used in teas. The Manuka honey from the blossoms is used for wound care and post-surgery recovery.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 15'
• Mature Width: 10'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green, Cream
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Eastern Australia

Lemon Balm

Melissa officinalis



Lemon Balm is part of the mint family, producing edible, lemon-scented leaves that can be brewed as tea or used as flavoring in various dishes. It prefers well-draining soils but becomes drought-tolerant once established.

Medicinal Use

Lemon Balm was used in traditional medicine for nervousness, anxiety, insomnia and menstrual irregularities.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 3a to 7b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Southern Europe

African Tulip Tree

Spathodea campanulata



The African Tulip is a tropical tree native to western Africa, where it is revered for its medicinal uses. The tree's seeds are scattered by the wind and can quickly grow once they germinate. Because of this, it can easily crowd other plants and is considered a nuisance tree in some areas.

Medicinal Use

The African Tulip Tree leaves are used to make tea to treat dysentery, backache pains, and as a wash for skin disease.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 50'-60'
• Mature Width: 30'-60'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Red, Orange
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Tropical Africa

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

Verbena

Vinca species



The many Verbena species in North America typically grow low to the ground, produce small flowers in a range of colors, and are somewhat weedy plants.

Medicinal Use

Verbena, medicinally known as vinca, has been used in combination with chemotherapy to treat a variety of cancers. The plant has cytotoxic effects that can arrest the division of cells and cause cell death.

• Plant Type: Deciduous and Evergreen
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

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• Section 4A

Section 4A

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

California Narrow Leaf Milkweed

Asclepias fascicularis



Narrowleaf Milkweed is a flowering perennial, best known for the butterflies it attracts, and for this reason it is crucial not to use any pesticides on or around the plant. Its long pointed leaves give the plant a soft wispy look.

Medicinal Use

Native Americans used the Narrow Leaf Milkweed as a painkiller and to treat diarrhea. Additionally, the roots were ingested to treat pleurisy.

• Plant Type: Perennial herb
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 6 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple, Pink, White
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Western United States, Mexico.

Curry Leaf Tree

Bergera koenigii



The Curry Leaf is a tall shrub or tree with aromatic leaves that, when crushed, smell like curry. It is well known in Southeastern Asia for its use as a spice in cooking. It is also a butterfly host plant.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Curry Leaf Tree are used for digesting fats, and as an antiseptic. and in Ayurvedic tradition to treat diabetes and in ritual cleansing.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 15'
• Mature Width: 10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: India

Marigold

Calendula officinalis



Marigolds are a popular and easy to grow flower. The flowers are edible and have a slightly bitter, peppery taste. They also can be used to produce a yellow dye.

Medicinal Use

Marigold flowers are used in tea to help with inflammation, viruses, and bacteria. Applied to the skin, it helps heal wounds, rashes and burns.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Red
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Mediterranian

Ceanothus

ceanothus thyrsiflorus



Blueblossom grows primarily along the coast and coastal mountains, in many different habitats, in full sun or part shade. In the hotter, inland part of its range, it can be found growing in the shade of northern slopes, under mature woodland canopies, or closer to an irrigated or a naturally moist area. In the cooler, coastal areas, it prefers more sun and dry locations.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 2' - 30'
• Mature Width: 2'-40'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7-10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Blue, White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: North America

Rose Geranium

Pelargonium gravolens



Geraniums have rose-scented leaves that are used to produce geranium oil, a less expensive substitute for the attar of roses used in the perfume trade.

Medicinal Use

The essential oil from the rose geranium is used in aromatherapy to soothe and uplift.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southern Africa, Limpopo Province

Lavender

Lavandula angustifolia



The name 'Lavender' comes from the Latin verb “lavare,” meaning “to wash.” Lavender’s popular scent has commonly been used as an ingredient in bath products, perfumes, and aromatherapy.

Medicinal Use

Lavender is used as an oral (by mouth) dietary supplement for calming anxiety, stress, and other conditions. It is also used for aromatherapy and topical use.

• Plant Type: Evergreen, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 2'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Gray-green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean

Desert Alyssum

Lepidium fremontii



Desert Alyssum is a hardy perennial herb that prefers to be near the Joshua Trees in the Mojave Desert. It has clusters of small white flowers which make it an excellent host plant for several types of butterflies and moths.

Medicinal Use

The seeds can be pounded, mixed with water and used to flavor a beverage.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 3'-6'
• Mature Width: 2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 6 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Australian Tea Tree

Leptospermum laevigatum



Native to Western Australia, the Tea Tree is salt resistant and often planted in coastal climates to stabilize sand. Its seeds are dispersed by wind and water. It is used in the production of essential oils due to its antimicrobial properties

Medicinal Use

The Australian Tea Tree's leaves, pollen, oils, and blossoms are all used for medicinal purposes. Its oil is highly antimicrobial, so it is used in teas. The Manuka honey from the blossoms is used for wound care and post-surgery recovery.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 15'
• Mature Width: 10'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green, Cream
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Eastern Australia

Honey Bush

Melianthus major



With large blue, deeply incised leaves, Honey Bush makes a dramatic addition to containers or seasonal plantings. Although it is only hardy to zone 8, it is fast-growing so can be used as seasonal ornamental in colder areas.

Medicinal Use

Honey Bush contains very small amounts of a variety of minerals, including calcium, iron, and zinc, as well as beneficial plant compounds that have antioxidant activity.

• Plant Type: Bush
• Mature Height: 10'
• Mature Width: 10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8
• Colors: Blue-Green
• Bloom Color: Maroon
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: South Africa

Geranium

Pelargonium spp.



This genus contains over 300 different species. Geraniums are popular for their showy flowers, fragrant foliage, and variety of color options. Once established most Geraniums are considered drought tolerant.

Medicinal Use

Native Americans used Geranium oil from the leaves to help with a variety of ailments, including mouth sores, sore throat, diarrhea and venereal disease.

• Plant Type: Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Wide variety depending on species
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Africa

Lemonade Berry

Rhus integrefolia



Lemonade Berry can grow as a shrub or small tree, depending on conditions. It thrives in low-elevation coastal canyons. It produces tart berries from February to May that are a significant food source for birds and small mammals.

Medicinal Use

Tea from the stems of Lemonade Berry can be used to treat coughs. Tea made from the bark, berries, or leaves can be gargled for sore throats or cold sores. Allergies are common to Lemonade Berry so caution is advised if consuming for the first time.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 3'-30'
• Mature Width: 3'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Southern California

African Tulip Tree

Spathodea campanulata



The African Tulip is a tropical tree native to western Africa, where it is revered for its medicinal uses. The tree's seeds are scattered by the wind and can quickly grow once they germinate. Because of this, it can easily crowd other plants and is considered a nuisance tree in some areas.

Medicinal Use

The African Tulip Tree leaves are used to make tea to treat dysentery, backache pains, and as a wash for skin disease.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 50'-60'
• Mature Width: 30'-60'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Red, Orange
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Tropical Africa

Verbena

Verbena officinalis



An erect, branched, perennial wildflower, with roughly hairy, deeply lobed leaves. In late summer it produces wiry spikes bearing numerous tiny pale purple flowers

Medicinal Use

Verbena's benefits include antitumor effects, nerve cell protection, anxiety-reducing and convulsion-reducing properties, and antimicrobial properties.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 4'
• Mature Width: 1.5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Ireland

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• Section 4B

Section 4B

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Aloe

Aloe Species



Aloe is a large genus with over 500 species. Aloes typically exhibit rosettes of succulent leaves with sharp teeth along the edges and orange or red tubular flowers.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Succulent
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Rock Samphire

Crithmum maritimum



Commonly known as the Rock Samphire, this coastal perennial usually flowers from June to August. Samphires are unable to grow in shade, and they self-fertilize making them well-adapted to poor soils.

Medicinal Use

Samphire is used primarily as a diuretic. It also contains a high value of vitamin C and is thought to act as a digestive remedy.

• Plant Type: Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'
• Mature Width: 1'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5 to 9
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Coastal Europe

Australian Tea Tree

Leptospermum laevigatum



Native to Western Australia, the Tea Tree is salt resistant and often planted in coastal climates to stabilize sand. Its seeds are dispersed by wind and water. It is used in the production of essential oils due to its antimicrobial properties.

Medicinal Use

The Australian Tea Tree's leaves, pollen, oils, and blossoms are all used for medicinal purposes. Its oil is highly antimicrobial, so it is used in teas. The Manuka honey from the blossoms is used for wound care and post-surgery recovery.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 15'
• Mature Width: 10'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green, Cream
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Eastern Australia

Aleppo Pine

Pinus halepensis



The Aleppo Pine, favored by squirrels and birds, is often found in California but is native to the Western Mediterranean region. It is known for its needle-shaped leaves, pine cone production, and ability to withstand extreme soil and weather conditions.

Medicinal Use

The Aleppo Pine's sap is an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant. The needles are used to make tea high in vitamin C.

• Plant Type: Conifer, Evergreen
• Mature Height: 30'-50'
• Mature Width: 24"
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Western Mediterranean

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus



Originally native to the Mediterranean region, Rosemary is now widely cultivated worldwide. Its aromatic leaves are often used in cooking as an herb. The name Rosemary means 'dew of the sea', aptly named because it can tolerate salty coastlines.

Medicinal Use

Traditionally, rosemary has been used to improve memory, relieve muscle pain and muscle spasms, stimulate hair growth, and support the circulatory and nervous systems.

• Plant Type: Herb, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 4'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 10b
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Africa, Europe, Western Asia, Medditeranian

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

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• Section 5

Section 5

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Aloe

Aloe species



Aloe is a large genus with over 500 species. Aloes typically exhibit rosettes of succulent leaves with sharp teeth along the edges and orange or red tubular flowers.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Succulent
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Aloe

Aloe Species



Aloe is a large genus with over 500 species. Aloes typically exhibit rosettes of succulent leaves with sharp teeth along the edges and orange or red tubular flowers.

• Plant Type: Evergreen succulent
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Borage

Borago officinalis



Borage is an annual plant with bright blue flowers. The leaves are a dull gray-green, wrinkled, and covered with bristly hairs. The flowers are used for creating a blue dye.

Medicinal Use

Borage is used to treat fevers, chest problems, and kidney problems. It should not be used by people with liver problems.

• Plant Type: Annual plant
• Mature Height: 1' 7" - 3' 2"
• Mature Width: 1' - 1'4"
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 2 to 11
• Colors: Gray, Silver
• Bloom Color: Blue
• Bloom Season: Fall, Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean

Italian Cypress

Cupressus sempervirens



The Italian Cypress is native to the Eastern Mediterranean region and Iran. It has been cultivated since the Renaissance. This evergreen tree is drought-tolerant and adaptable to many types of soil.

Medicinal Use

The Italian Cypress has a long history of its essential oils being used to help with cough and flu treatment. Research has shown that the plant has antimicrobial and antiviral properties.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 40'-70'
• Mature Width: 10'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Season: Fall
• Native To: Southern Europe, Western Asia

Blue Gum Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globulus



Blue Gum Eucalyptus trees can grow to be extremely large. They have exfoliating bark, sickle-shaped leaves, and fruit that is gray to blue-white in color. Blue Gum Eucalyptus is not native to Southern California but is often seen in parklands or city canyons in San Diego.

Medicinal Use

Blue Gum Eucalyptus leaves are used for respiratory congestion and steam inhalation for colds and flu. The aromatic oils are also used as a flea repellent.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 100'-120'
• Mature Width: 30'-80'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Cream, Gray, Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Australia

Iris

Iris species



There are over two or three hundred species of Iris, with bearded irises being the most popular. The American Iris Society groups bearded irises based on size: miniature dwarf, dwarf, intermediate, miniature tall, border, and tall.

• Plant Type: Flowering plant genus
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Lion's Tail, Wild Dagga

Leonotis leonorus



Lion's Tail is native to southern Africa and grows best in full sun with well-drained soils. It produces orange flowers that resemble lion's tails, which is how it got its name.

Medicinal Use

Lion's Tail is used as a decoction, both orally and topically to relieve hemorrhoids, eczema, skin rashes, muscular cramps, headaches and chest infections. The dried leaves and flowers have also been smoked to help relieve epilepsy.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 3'-6'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange
• Bloom Season: Year-round
• Native To: Southern Africa

Allspice

Pimenta dioica



Native to the West Indies, Mexico, and Central America, the dried unripe fruits from this small, evergreen tree are ground up into the cooking spice known as Allspice.

Medicinal Use

The berries from the Allspice plant must first be dried before being used for medicinal purposes. Once dried, Allspice has been used to relieve indigestion, flatulence, diabetes, as a local anesthetic, and as a kitchen spice to preserve foods.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 20'-40'
• Mature Width: 15'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Central America, Carribean, Mexico

Soap Bark

Quillaja saponaria



The Soap Bark has small cream or yellow flowers that bloom during the spring, attracting bees. A kind of soap can be made by soaking the inner bark in water.

Medicinal Use

The Soap Bark tree is high in saponins to make suds for shampoo, root beer, fire extinguishers; it has also been used as a short-term treatment for digestive issues.

• Plant Type: Evergreen tree
• Mature Height: 30'-45'
• Mature Width: 15'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5 to 9
• Colors: Brown, Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Chile

Wild Rose

Rosa californica species



Wild roses are low growing and reliable shrubs that readily hybridize with one another.

Medicinal Use

Rose aromatherapy has potential for alleviating depression, stress, and anxiety. The use of rose extracts, with their anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, have shown a therapeutic role in seizure treatment, antimicrobial properties, anti-aging and skin repair.

• Plant Type: Perennial shrubs
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 4'-6'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus



Originally native to the Mediterranean region, Rosemary is now widely cultivated worldwide. Its aromatic leaves are often used in cooking as an herb. The name Rosemary means 'dew of the sea', aptly named because it can tolerate salty coastlines.

Medicinal Use

Traditionally, Rosemary has been used to improve memory, relieve muscle pain and muscle spasms, stimulate hair growth, and support the circulatory and nervous systems.

• Plant Type: Herb, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 4'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 10b
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Africa, Europe, Western Asia, Mediterranean

Clove

Syzygium aromaticum



This small, evergreen tree is native to Indonesia. It is typically used as an accent specimen for tropical gardens requiring hot and humid growing conditions. Clove can be used for flavorings or medicinal purposes.

Medicinal Use

Clove have been used for treating stomach upset, parasites, and toothaches.

• Plant Type: Broadleaf evergreen
• Mature Height: 15'-30'
• Mature Width: 10'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Red-pink
• Bloom Season: Year-round
• Native To: Indonesia

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

Return to Map

• Section 6A

Section 6A

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Century Plant

Agave americana



With a life span of ten to twenty-five years, the Agave americana is known for its size, ranging from six to ten feet wide with thick barbed blue-green leaves. It produces yellow flowers from a tall stalk in the plant's center, which bloom once during the plant's lifetime. after which the agave dies.

Medicinal Use

The Agave's sap can be used for low-glycemic index sweeteners, and the fibers of the leaves can be used for clothes. The roots of the plant are also used to distill Tequila.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 6'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southwestern United States, Mexico

Manzanita

Arctostaphylos species



Manzanitas are well known California native plants that provide food to many pollinators. There are over 190 different species of Manzanita With species in this genus this inhabiting the snowing mountain tops and the dry mountain tops all along California. They can range from a small shrub to a medium size tree, and are best identified by their red-brown bark.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Manzanita are used to brew teas that help with urinary tract infections, and lung congestion.

• Plant Type: Evergreen shrub
• Mature Height: 4-8'
• Mature Width: 6-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5 to 11
• Colors: Red-brown, Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Ocotillo

Fouqueria splendens



The Ocotillo has many common names, including Coachwhip, Jacob's Staff, and Vine Cactus--although the Ocotillo is not a true cactus. Some large specimens in the wild are thought to be over 200 years old. The first leaves on new growth produce a leaf stalk which hardens into a sharp spine after the leaf drops off.

Medicinal Use

The inner bark of the Ocotillo can be used as an astringent that cleanses lymph congestion. The red blossoms from the plant have also been used in an anti-anxiety tea.

• Plant Type: Succulent Shrub
• Mature Height: 10'-33'
• Mature Width: 15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Brown, Gray, Green
• Bloom Color: Red
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Southwestern USA, Northwestern Mexico

Iris

Iris species



There are over two or three hundred species of Iris, with bearded irises being the most popular. The American Iris Society groups bearded irises based on size: miniature dwarf, dwarf, intermediate, miniature tall, border, and tall.

Medicinal Use

Iris is a ground cover and is used as fixatives in perfume.

• Plant Type: Flowering plant genus
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Nevin's Mahonia, Desert Mahonia

Mahonia nevinil



The Desert Mahonia is listed as an endangered species by federal and state governments. There are thought to be approximately 500 individual plants remaining, with approximately 250 naturally occurring.

Medicinal Use

The roots of the Desert Mahonia are used as an antimicrobial, to help with liver congestion, to aid in digesting fats, to help with nausea, to help with infections, and as a topical and internal antiseptic.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 3'-7'
• Mature Width: 6'-12'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Southern California

Catalina Island Cherry

Prunus ilicifoli



The Catalina Island Cherry is an evergreen shrub that only grows in California--mainly on the Channel Islands. It produces inconspicuous white or pink blossoms, while the plant's fruit resemble small cherries and provide a food source for local wildlife

Medicinal Use

The inner bark from the Catalina Cherry tree has been used as a cough suppressant and antispasmodic, but the bark must be aged one year to remove toxins that cause the heart to slow before it is used in any medicinal format.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 30'
• Mature Width: 10'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Green, Red, Gray
• Bloom Color: Cream, White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Hollyleaf Cherry

Prunus ilicifolia



The Hollyleaf Cherry is a native California tree with a round-shaped canopy and glossy green-toothed leaves. Its small whitish flowers yield red-purple fruits, a food source for local wildlife, especially birds. It's a drought-tolerant plant that is well suited to Southern California.

Medicinal Use

The inner bark from the Hollyleaf Cherry tree is used as a cough suppressant and antispasmodic. However, the bark must be aged one year to remove toxins that cause the heart to slow.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 25'-30'
• Mature Width: 10'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Black Sage

Salvia mellifera



The Black Sage bush has textured dark green leaves and small blue, white, or lavender blooms. The leaves may appear almost black during dry periods, hence the name Black Sage. It is the most common type of sage in California and is a crucial source of nutrients for bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Black Sage are used in many medicinal ways. They can be chewed to relieve gas, made into a tea that can be used for coughs, colds, and heart ailments, and used as a poultice for earache, sore throat, and arthritis.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 3'-6'
• Mature Width: 3'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Blue, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring, Summer
• Native To: California

Mexican Elderberry

Sambucus mexicana



Blue Elderberry acts as an important food source for wildlife, especially birds. The blossoms also attract butterflies and bees and the fruit is edible to humans if cooked first.

Medicinal Use

The Blue Elderberry's blossoms are used in tea to help break fevers, and the juice from the berries has been used to help treat flu and viral infections.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Shrub
• Mature Height: 20'-30'
• Mature Width: 20'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 6 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Cream, Blue, Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Southwestern United States

Jojoba

Simmondsia chinensis



Jojoba is native to Central and Southern California but can grow in any desert and semi-desert climate. It can tolerate high temperatures, but frost can damage or kill plants.

Medicinal Use

Jojoba seeds emit a wax that is used for skin care. It can also be used as a high-quality machine oil. When roasted, the nuts are edible.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 4'-7'
• Mature Width: 4'-7'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Cream
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Southern and Central California

Return to Map

• Section 6B

Section 6B

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

California Buckwheat

Aesculus californica



The California Buckwheat is a delicate, flowering shrub needing very little water. It creates its own mulch when its leaves drop. California Buckwheat is an essential nectar source for bees and butterflies in the dry climate of Southern California.

Medicinal Use

Native Americans made a tea from the leaves of the California Buckwheat for headache and stomach pain. Flower tea was used as a cleansing purgative and given to infants for diarrhea. The roots were made into a poultice for wounds.

• Plant Type: Shrub, Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 1'-7'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Cream, Pink, White
• Bloom Season: Summer, Spring, Fall
• Native To: California

Wild Lilac

Ceanothus species



Ceanothus, commonly known as Wild Lilac, is a large genus, with many species within the genus native to California. This shrub typically has blue blossoms in a wide range of hues. The tiny flowers are produced in large, dense, intensely fragrant clusters from March through May. The flowers are food sources for some beneficial insects.

Medicinal Use

The roots of the Ceanothus have been used as an astringent and as a lymph cleanser. The flowers are high in sudsing saponins which is what makes suds for washing.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

California Bush Sunflower

Encelia californica



The California Bush Sunflower is a Southern California native and a member of the daisy family. Its fragrant flowers attract pollinators like butterflies and bees and it grows rapidly in almost any soil type.

Medicinal Use

California native people have mashed and boiled all parts of the California Bush Sunflower to form a thick paste that can be spread on aching joints. The paste can also be dissolved in warm water for a soothing bath.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 2'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-7'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Brown, Yellow, Purple
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Southern California

Flannelbush

Fremontodendron californicum



The Flannelbush has bright yellow flowers that attract bees and butterflies as pollinators. Its common name is inspired by the fuzzy hairs that cover its leaves.

Medicinal Use

The inner bark of the Flannelbush has a soothing and healing effect when applied externally to fresh wounds, burns and scalds. It is used to help treat sore throats, indigestion, digestive irritation, stomach ulcers, and the urinary tract.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 6'-20'
• Mature Width: 20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 10b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: California

Toyon

Heteromeles arbutifolia



Toyon is a part of the coastal sage scrub plant community. In the summer, it produces bunches of fragrant white flowers that attract pollinators. In winter it develops clusters of bright red berries that attract birds. The red berries give Toyon another common name 'Christmas Berry' and have been used by indigenous people in cooking.

Medicinal Use

The Toyon is a medicinal shrub used by the Chumash people--who use the berry as food and to treat stomach aches from fatty foods.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 6'-30'
• Mature Width: 10'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8
• Colors: Green, Brown, Red
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: California

Horehound

Marrubium vulgare



The Horehound is a part of the mint family. It grows slowly to about two feet in height, can become weedy, and has small white flowers which bloom over a long period. Its leaves have a musky odor when crushed and they can be harvested and used fresh or dried for various folk remedies.

Medicinal Use

Horehound is used as an expectorant for coughs caused by the common cold and bronchitis.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3a to 9b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Europe, Northern Africa, Southwestern and Central Asia

Wild Rose

Rosa califonica species



Wild roses are low growing and reliable shrubs that readily hybridize with one another.

Medicinal Use

Rose aromatherapy has potential for alleviating depression, stress, and anxiety. The use of rose extracts, with their anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, have shown a therapeutic role in seizure treatment, antimicrobial properties, anti-aging and skin repair.

• Plant Type: Perennial shrubs
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 4'-6'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

White Sage

Salvia apiana



White Sage is a large shrub with fragrant silver leaves and white flowers. It attracts pollinators of all types, including bees and hummingbirds. White Sage is well adapted to dry environments.

Medicinal Use

Sage tea has been used to help decrease sweating, salivation, milk secretions, and mucous secretions of the sinuses, throat, and lungs. A cold cup of the tea can be used as a stomach tonic. The lukewarm tea can be used in the treatment of sore throats.

• Plant Type: Semi-Deciduous Shrub
• Mature Height: 3'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-8'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: White, Silver
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Summer
• Native To: Southern California

Cleveland Sage

Salvia clevelandia



Cleveland sage is a small, evergreen shrub, native to Southern California and a part of the chaparral and coastal sage scrub plant communities. Its gray-green leaves and purple flowers are very fragrant, attracting hummingbirds, butterflies, bees, and other pollinators. It survives on annual rainfall alone.

Medicinal Use

Cleveland Sage leaves have been used to treat coughs and chest colds, and to help heal poison ivy infections. The Kumeyaay have also used the leaves for ceremonial smudges and home fumigation.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 3'-4'
• Mature Width: 8'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: Purple, Blue
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Southern California

Mexican Elderberry

Sambucus mexicana



Blue Elderberry acts as an important food source for wildlife, especially birds. The blossoms also attract butterflies and bees and the fruit is edible to humans if cooked first

Medicinal Use

The Blue Elderberry's blossoms are used in tea to help break fevers, and the juice from the berries has been used to help treat flu and viral infections.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Shrub
• Mature Height: 20'-30'
• Mature Width: 20'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 6 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Cream, Blue, Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Southwestern United States

Return to Map

• Section 6C

Section 6C

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Manzanita

Arctostaphylos species



Manzanitas are well known California native plants that provide food to many pollinators. There are over 190 different species of Manzanita With species in this genus this inhabiting the snowing mountain tops and the dry mountain tops all along California. They can range from a small shrub to a medium size tree, and are best identified by their red-brown bark.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Manzanita are used to brew teas that help with urinary tract infections, and lung congestion.

• Plant Type: Evergreen, Deciduous
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• Native To: California

Caper Bush

Capparis spinosa var. inermis



The Caper Bush is a scrambling, spiny shrub native to the Mediterranean region, where it grows in hostile places such as rocky hillsides and crevices. Each white flower has purple stamens and lasts only one day, but the plant blooms continuously for some time.

Medicinal Use

The Caper Bush has a long history of medicinal use worldwide. In the middle east, the root's bark and the fruit are used as diuretics and tonics for the treatment of malaria. In China, the root bark and tea of young shoots are used for rheumatism, stomachache, and anemia.

• Plant Type: Broadleaf Evergreen
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 3'-6'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White, Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southern Eurasia, Australia

Buckbrush

Ceanothus cuneatus



Buckbrush is one of the most common native plants in Southern California. It provides a home to several species of local insects and is the food source for essential pollinators. Buckbrush has adapted to droughts by producing seeds that need fire to germinate making it suitable for Southern California's climate.

Medicinal Use

Native Americans used Buckbrush tea as a facial blemish wash and hair rinse.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 5'-12'
• Mature Width: 5'-12'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 6b, 8 to 11
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: White, Blue, Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Julia Phelps Mountain Lilac

Ceanothus 'Julia Phelps'



Julia Phelps mountain lilac (Ceanothus 'Julia Phelps') is a Ceanothus cultivar known for its attractive indigo blue flowers and crinkly dark green foliage. An important wildlife plant, it attracts pollinators and provides seeds and shelter for birds.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 6'-8'
• Mature Width: 8'-12'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7-10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Deep blue
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Wild Lilac

Ceanothus species



Ceanothus, commonly known as Wild Lilac, is a large genus, with many species within the genus native to California. This shrub typically has blue blossoms in a wide range of hues. The tiny flowers are produced in large, dense, intensely fragrant clusters from March through May. The flowers are food sources for some beneficial insects.

Medicinal Use

The roots of the Ceanothus have been used as an astringent and as a lymph cleanser. The flowers are high in sudsing saponins which is what makes suds for washing.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

California Walnut

Juglans californica



The Southern California Black Walnut produces nuts that attract squirrels in the fall. It is also popular with birds, making it a good choice for wildlife gardens. It can be found with a single large trunk (more tree-like) or many small trunks (more shrub-like)

Medicinal Use

Native Americans used an infusion of the leaves of the California Walnut to thin blood.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 25'-30'
• Mature Width: 15'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 9
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Lavender

Lavandula angustifolia



The name 'Lavender' comes from the Latin verb “lavare,” meaning “to wash.” Lavender’s popular scent has commonly been used as an ingredient in bath products, perfumes, and aromatherapy.

Medicinal Use

Lavender is used as an oral (by mouth) dietary supplement for calming anxiety, stress, and other conditions. It is also used for aromatherapy and topical use

• Plant Type: Evergreen, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 2'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Gray-green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean

Olive

Olea europaea



The genus name Olea is derived from the Latin word for 'olive'. The common Olive Tree was one of the first trees to be cultivated and dates back to approximately 2500 B.C. The olive branch is the universal symbol of peace.

Medicinal Use

Olea europaea also known as the Olive Tree has oil that is used in cooking. The oil can also be laxative and liniment. The Olive tree's leaves can be used as an antiseptic, to stimulate immune function, clear fever, and help treat hypertension.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 20'-30'
• Mature Width: 15'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 10b
• Colors: Black, Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean, Africa, South and Central China

Prickly Pear

Opuntia ficus-indica



The Prickly Pear Cactus produces both edible pads and fruits. Nopales (the pads of the cactus) are often used in Mexican cuisine, while prickly pear fruits are sweet and are enjoyed fresh or used in various culinary applications, such as jams and beverages.(Note: plants in Balboa Park may not be cut or harvested in any way)

Medicinal Use

The fruit of the Pickly Pear is high in anti-oxidants.

• Plant Type: Cactus
• Mature Height: 10'-15'
• Mature Width: 10'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Red
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Mexico

African Walnut / Weeping Boer Bean

Schotia brachypetula



The African Walnut, or Weeping Boer Bean, was introduced into California in 1900. The common name of this tree comes from the fact that it drips large amounts of nectar from its flowers, making it very attractive to birds and insects. It is also called Tree Fuchsia because of its vivid clusters of pinkish-red flowers.

Medicinal Use

The leaves and the inner bark from the African Walnut tree are used medicinally as a blood purifier and in treatments for nervous heart conditions, and diarrhea. It has also been used in pharmaceutical research.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 15'-25'
• Mature Width: 15'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Red, Orange
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: South Africa, Zambezi River

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

Return to Map

• Section 6D

Section 6D

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

California Buckwheat

Aesculus californica



The California Buckwheat is a delicate, flowering shrub needing very little water. It creates its own mulch when its leaves drop. California Buckwheat is an essential nectar source for bees and butterflies in the dry climate of Southern California.

Medicinal Use

Native Americans made a tea from the leaves of the California Buckwheat for headache and stomach pain. Flower tea was used as a cleansing purgative and given to infants for diarrhea. The roots were made into a poultice for wounds.

• Plant Type: Shrub, Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 1'-7'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Cream, Pink, White
• Bloom Season: Summer, Spring, Fall
• Native To: California

Parry's Agave

Agave parryi



Native to the Southwest, this slow-growing agave will take up a large space in a sunny garden. A mature Parry's Agave (15-20 years old) will bloom once before dying, developing a large yellow-flowered stalk up to 12 feet tall.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Mature Height: 5'
• Mature Width: 5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 11
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southwestern United States, Mexico

Manzanita

Arctostaphylos species



Manzanitas are well known California native plants that provide food to many pollinators. There are over 190 different species of Manzanita With species in this genus this inhabiting the snowing mountain tops and the dry mountain tops all along California. They can range from a small shrub to a medium size tree, and are best identified by their red-brown bark.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Manzanita are used to brew teas that help with urinary tract infections, and lung congestion.

• Plant Type: Evergreen, Deciduous
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• Native To: California

Tree Cotton

Gossypium arboreum



Tree Cotton can grow as a large shrub or small tree, it has mallow-like flowers followed by fluffy cotton ball-like seeds. It is not very wind-tolerant and requires a climate with a long, hot growing season.

Medicinal Use

The natural liquid extracted from the Cotton Tree root is used in the treatment of fevers.

• Plant Type: Perennial Tree
• Mature Height: 16'
• Mature Width: 9'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green, Red, Brown, White
• Native To: Africa, Asia

Toyon

Heteromeles arbutifolia



Toyon is a prominent member of the coastal sage scrub plant community. In the summer, it produces bunches of fragrant white flowers that attract butterflies and other pollinators. In winter it develops clusters of bright red berries, attractive to many birds. The red berries give rise to another common name 'Christmas Berry' and have been used by indigenous people in cooking.

Medicinal Use

The Toyon is a medicinal shrub used by the Chumash people--who use the berry as food and to treat stomach aches from fatty foods.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 6'-30'
• Mature Width: 10'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8
• Colors: Green, Brown, Red
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: California

Mastic Tree

Pistacius lentiscus



Mastic means "flexible" or "sticky," and the gum (the mastic) the tree provides is used in chewing gum, adhesives, and pharmaceuticals. It has very flexible and limber branches and grows either as a shrub or a many-stemmed tree. It requires significant pruning to maintain a desired shape.

Medicinal Use

The sap from the Mastic Tree's trunk is used to make medicine that reduces stomach acid and protects the lining of the stomach and intestines.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 16'-20'
• Mature Width: 20'-50'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 20
• Colors: Red, Gray, Green
• Bloom Color: Red, Green
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Mediterranean

Coast Live Oak

Quercus agrifolia



This prominent and iconic tree species is native to the coastal regions of California. It is well-adapted to San Diego’s climate, featuring dark leathery leaves that remain on the tree year-round. These trees can live for several centuries and serve as an important habitat and food source for local animal populations.

Medicinal Use

The Coast Live Oak's inner bark is an astringent that has been used for gum inflammations, sore throats, and an intestinal tonic.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 70'
• Mature Width: 30'-70'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green, Brown, Gray
• Bloom Color: Brown, Yellow-Green
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Return to Map

• Section 6E

Section 6E

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Yerba Mansa

Anemopsis californica



Yerba Mansa means "calming herb" in Spanish. It displays white flowers in early spring that turn bright red throughout the fall. It goes dormant in winter, but resprouts in the spring.

Medicinal Use

A tea from the boiled Yerba Mansa roots can be used to help alleviate a stomach ache or to help alleviate colds and coughing.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 4"-12"
• Mature Width: 2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: California

Saltbush

Atriplex vesicaria, Atriplex subrecta



A hardy groundcover, the dense growth of the Saltbush helps to suppress weeds and stabilize soil. Attractive to butterflies, it is an excellent caterpillar food plant.

Medicinal Use

Salt bush has become a prospective natural candidate for pharmaceutical drug development due to biochemicals such as terpenoids, flavonoids and phenolics it contains. In the past, this genus has been used by cultures around the world to help in the treatment of diabetes, jaundice, thyroid and liver disorders.

• Plant Type: Perennial or Annual, Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: .5'-3'
• Mature Width: 2.5'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Green
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: South Africa

Hydrangea

Hydrangea macrophylla



Hydrangeas are perennial shrubs native to Japan, China, and Southeast Asia. Their bloom colors depend on the soil's acidity, ranging from white, pink, blue, or purple.

Medicinal Use

The roots of the Hydrangea have been used historically to treat various conditions, particularly those related to the kidney and bladder. Today, hydrangea root supplements are used for various conditions, including urinary tract infections and kidney stones

• Plant Type: Deciduous Perennial
• Mature Height: 3'-6'
• Mature Width: 3'-6'
• Sun Needs: Shade
• USDA Zones: 6a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Blue, Purple, Pink, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Japan, China, Korea, Southeast Asia

Honeysuckle

Lonicera pilosa



This hardy evergreen or semi-evergreen vine has orange and red flowers that bloom from early spring through summer. It is popular with hummingbirds. Honeysuckle grows well in sun-dappled shade with regular water.

Medicinal Use

An elixir made from the dried fruit of the Honeysuckle is used as a cough syrup, in the treatment of infected sores, and as a bath for swollen feet.

• Plant Type: Vine
• Mature Height: 15'
• Mature Width: 10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9a to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange-red
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Mexico

White Mulberry

Morus alba



The White Mulberry is a large tree with glossy green leaves that produces edible fruit. It is often too big for home gardens, as it must have full sun and room to spread. Its weak branch structure, lack of resistance to pests, and messy fruit drop require a high level of maintenance.

Medicinal Use

Almost all parts of the White Mulberry tree are used in medicinal practices, including the fruit, bark, leaves, and flowers. These parts of the White Mulberry tree are used in conjunction with one another to help in the treatment of colds, coughs, asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and constipation.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Tree
• Mature Height: 50'
• Mature Width: 30'-50'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 4 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Green, White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: China

Evening Primrose

Oenothera species



Evening primroses have large, showy flowers. The American genus contains over 140 herbaceous species.

Medicinal Use

The oil of the Evening Primrose contains gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) which helps the body with many ailments from osteoporosis to depression. It affects hormonal balance and has been used to help treat Premenstrual syndrome, but research evidence is still lacking.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

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• Section 6F

Section 6F

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Aloe Vera

Aloe Vera



Aloe Vera grows upright and has stiff rosettes of green, succulent leaves that have white spots and marginal teeth. Leaves mature to gray-green. Flowering occurs only on mature plants, typically in summer, when yellow flowers bloom atop stalks that rise from the plant

Medicinal Use

Aloe Vera is noted for the healing and cosmetic properties attributed to its sap, which is noted for its ability to moisten dry skin. Sap from a broken leaf may be applied directly to burns on the skin for relief.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Succulent
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: .5'-1'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Seasonally
• Native To: Mediterranean

Yerba Mansa

Anemopsis californica



Yerba mansa means ""calming herb"" in Spanish. It displays white flowers in early spring that turn bright red throughout the fall. It goes dormant in winter, but resprouts in the spring.

Medicinal Use

A tea from the boiled Yerba Mansa roots can be used to help alleviate a stomach ache or to help alleviate colds and coughing.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 4"-12"
• Mature Width: 2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: California

Tropical Milkweed

Asclepias curassavica



Tropical Milkweed's bright flowers are a staple for pollinators like hummingbirds and butterflies. Its long leaves are a food source for Monarch butterfly larvae.

Medicinal Use

A tea made from the root can be used for headaches, coughs, and bloody diarrhea. The milky stem latex is used to treat warts, calluses, corns, and skin sores.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange, Yellow, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Central America, South America

Candelabra Tree

Euphorbia ingens



The Candelabra Tree gets very tall, reaching a mature height of up to 40 feet, with an abundance of branches. It produces small yellow flowers and red fruit. As with all Euphorbia, the milky sap of this plant is a skin irritant. Care should be taken when handling.

Medicinal Use

Like other euphorbias, the latex from the Candelabra Tree is caustic and can be harmful if it comes into contact with skin.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Mature Height: 20'-50'
• Mature Width: 6'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southern Africa

Lantana

Lantana camara



Lantana is a common houseplant that is also used as a shrub or groundcover due to its quick sprawl. Bright pink and yellow flowers bloom in midsummer and attract butterflies, hummingbirds, and other pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Lantana leaves have been used as an anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-hypertensive agent, tonic, and expectorant. The roots are known to help in the treatment of rheumatism, skin rashes, and malaria.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-6'
• Mature Width: 3'-5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Pink, Orange, Purple, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Summer, Fall

White Mulberry

Morus alba



The White Mulberry is a large tree with glossy green leaves that produces edible fruit. It is often too big for home gardens, as it must have full sun and room to spread. Its weak branch structure, lack of resistance to pests, and messy fruit drop require a high level of maintenance.

Medicinal Use

Almost all parts of the White Mulberry tree are used in medicinal practices, including the fruit, bark, leaves, and flowers. These parts of the White Mulberry tree are used in conjunction with one another to help in the treatment of colds, coughs, asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and constipation.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Tree
• Mature Height: 50'
• Mature Width: 30'-50'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 4 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Green, White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: China

Evening Primrose

Oenothera species



Evening primroses have large, showy flowers. The American genus contains over 140 herbaceous species.

Medicinal Use

The oil of the Evening Primrose contains gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) which helps the body with many ailments from osteoporosis to depression. It affects hormonal balance and has been used to help treat Premenstrual syndrome, but research evidence is still lacking.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Prickly Pear Cactus

Opuntia ficus-indica



The Prickly Pear Cactus produces both edible pads and fruits. Nopales, the pads of the cactus, are often used in Mexican cuisine, while the sweet prickly pear fruits are enjoyed fresh or in various culinary applications, such as jams and beverages. Note: plants in Balboa Park may not be cut or harvested in any way.

Medicinal Use

The juice from the fruit of the Prickly Pear Cactus has soluble fiber that helps control glucose levels in blood. The leaf pads are used in Mexican culinary dishes.

• Plant Type: Cactus
• Mature Height: 10'-15'
• Mature Width: 10'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Red
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Mexico

Wild Rose

Rosa califonica species



Wild roses are low growing and reliable shrubs that readily hybridize with one another.

Medicinal Use

Rose aromatherapy has potential for alleviating depression, stress, and anxiety. The use of rose extracts, with their anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, have shown a therapeutic role in seizure treatment, antimicrobial properties, anti-aging and skin repair.

• Plant Type: Perennial shrubs
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 4'-6'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Pussywillow Tree

Salix discolor



A willow native to North America, the Pussywillow has a shallow, spreading root system that can clog sewers, drains, and water lines. Indigenous peoples used it to make baskets, containers, cooking utensils, fasteners, netting, and rope.

Medicinal Use

Extracts of the Pussywillow Tree have been found to have potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antimicrobial properties. They also have demonstrated abilities in suppressing inflammatory pathways for cancer prevention and treatment.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Shrub
• Mature Height: 10'-20'
• Mature Width: 8'-12'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 7b
• Colors: Gray, Brown, Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Gray, Silver
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: North Central, North Eastern United States

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

Return to Map

• Section 7A

Section 7A

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Aloe

Aloe species



Aloe is a large genus with over 500 species. Aloes typically exhibit rosettes of succulent leaves with sharp teeth along the edges and orange or red tubular flowers.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Succulent
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Lemon Verbena

Aloysia citrodora



Lemon Verbena is native to Argentina and Chile and is a popular garden plant in the Western United States. Its leaves are strongest while the plant is flowering and can be used for tea, jams, and flavoring.

Medicinal Use

Lemon Verbena is used as a natural remedy for digestive issues.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-4'
• Mature Width: 2'-4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Argentina, Chile

Mugwort

Artemisia douglasiana



Mugwort can be found in every California county. It is part of the sunflower family and very aromatic. Native Americans use this plant in many ceremonies, and it is purported to be a dream enhancer.

Medicinal Use

Mugwort is a ground cover that has been used in traditional Chinese, Hindu, and European medicine to regulate the functioning of the gastrointestinal system and treat gynecological conditions.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 8'
• Mature Width: 4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 3 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White, Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Western United States, Baja California

Dragon Tree

Dracaena draco



This tree species grows slowly. Over many decades its stems branch repeatedly, creating an umbrella-like shape. Its bright red fruits and red sap give the Dragon Tree its name.

Medicinal Use

Dragon’s blood, the red resin of the Dragon Tree, has been used to heal wounds and as an astringent.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 15'-25'
• Mature Width: 15'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Green, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Fall
• Native To: Canary Islands

Iris

Iris species



There are over two or three hundred species of Iris, with bearded irises being the most popular. The American Iris Society groups bearded irises based on size: miniature dwarf, dwarf, intermediate, miniature tall, border, and tall.

• Plant Type: Flowering plant genus
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Dusty Miller

Jacobaea maritima



Dusty Miller is generally grown for its silvery, wooly foliage, which provides a nice contrast to other garden plantings. It has small, somewhat insignificant yellow flowers and grows well in many conditions.

Medicinal Use

Dusty Miller has been used for eye issues and respiratory issues. However, if not used under the guidance of a professional it can be toxic.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7a to 10b
• Colors: Gray or Silver
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Northern Africa, Western Asia, Europe

Lion's Tail

Leonotis Leonorus



Lion's Tail is native to southern Africa and grows best in full sun with well-drained soils. It produces orange flowers that resemble lion's tails, which is how it got its name.

Medicinal Use

Lion's Tail is used as a decoction, both orally and topically to relieve hemorrhoids, eczema, skin rashes, muscular cramps, headaches and chest infections. The dried leaves and flowers have also been smoked to help relieve epilepsy.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 3'-6'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange
• Bloom Season: Year-round
• Native To: Southern Africa

Tea Tree

Melaleuca alternifolia



The oil from the Tea Tree is strongly antiseptic and has numerous other medicinal uses. However, the oil is quite poisonous if taken internally.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Tea Tree are used as an antiseptic immuno-stimulant active against bacteria, fungi and viruses in the form of tea. The oils from the tree are used for topical application.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 19'
• Mature Width: 13'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Australia

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus



Originally native to the Mediterranean region, Rosemary is now widely cultivated worldwide. Its aromatic leaves are often used in cooking as an herb. The name Rosemary means 'dew of the sea', aptly named because it can tolerate salty coastlines.

Medicinal Use

Traditionally, rosemary has been used to improve memory, relieve muscle pain and muscle spasms, stimulate hair growth, and support the circulatory and nervous systems.

• Plant Type: Herb, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 4'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 10b
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Africa, Europe, Western Asia, Mediterranean

Pink Trumpet Tree

Tabebuia impetiginosa



The Pink Trumpet Tree is the national tree of Paraguay and commonly planted worldwide for its dramatic pink flowers. It is widely used in herbal medicine to treat respiratory conditions as an antibiotic and immunostimulant.

Medicinal Use

The Pink Trumpet Tree is widely used in herbal medicine to treat respiratory conditions and as an antibiotic. It has also been used as an immunostimulant.

• Plant Type: Usually Evergreen, Deciduous in locations with a dry season
• Mature Height: 30'
• Mature Width: 15'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Central, South America

Chaste Tree

Vitex agnus-castus



The Chaste Tree can be grown as a small tree or large shrub and does well in a waterwise garden. It is a member of the mint family and has pleasantly fragrant leaves.

Medicinal Use

The Chaste Tree has many medicinal uses as it stimulates progesterone. The seeds from the tree are used as a hormone balancer and for menstrual and menopausal problems.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 12'-15'
• Mature Width: 15'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 6 to 10
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Blue, Lavender
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean

Beach Vitex

Vitex rotundifolia



The spicy-smelling Beach Vitex has several ways to transport its seeds into the soil. Though the shrub is considered invasive in parts of the United States, its knack for multiplying means it is used as ground cover for inland gardens across the country.

Medicinal Use

Beach Vitex has been used to help with symptoms of Premenstrual syndrome, headache, migraine, colds, and eye pain.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Shrub
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 2'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Asia, Australia

Return to Map

• Section 7B

Section 7B

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Strawberry Tree

Arbutus unedo



The Strawberry Tree's produces red, strawberry-like fruits that are edible but bland. The tree tolerates a wide range of soil conditions.

Medicinal Use

The fruits of the Strawberry Tree have traditionally been used as antiseptics, diuretics and laxatives, while the leaves have been used as urinary antiseptics, antidiarrheals, and astringents. In recent studies, the Strawberry Tree has proven a high pharmacological promise due to its in vitro and antibiotic properties.

• Plant Type: Evergreen tree
• Mature Height: 10'-35'
• Mature Width: 8'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7a to 10b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Red
• Bloom Season: Fall
• Native To: Southern Europe

Moreton Bay Chestnut

Castanospermum australe



The Moreton Bay Chestnut fruit is edible, although its seeds are poisonous. Indigenous peoples had a method for removing the poison from the seeds and rendering them edible.

Medicinal Use

The Moreton Bay Chestnut is currently being tested for potential medicinal uses. The seeds of the tree are being tested for pharmaceutical use as a component for helping treat the HIV virus.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 100'
• Mature Width: 15'-40'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green, Brown, Gray
• Bloom Color: Red, Orange, Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Eastern Australia

Peppermint Geranium

Pelargonium tomentosu



This geranium species has fuzzy, peppermint-scented leaves are used for teas and flavorings and for its healing properties. It is small but hardy, as it is able to survive temperatures as low as 25 degrees Fahrenheit.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Peppermint Geranium have been used as a poultice for bruises and strains.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 3'-4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: South Africa

Iris

Iris species



There are over two or three hundred species of Iris, with bearded irises being the most popular. The American Iris Society groups bearded irises based on size: miniature dwarf, dwarf, intermediate, miniature tall, border, and tall.

• Plant Type: Flowering plant genus
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Lavender

Lavandula angustifolia



The name 'Lavender' comes from the Latin verb “lavare,” meaning “to wash.” Lavender’s popular scent has commonly been used as an ingredient in bath products, perfumes, and aromatherapy.

Medicinal Use

Lavender is used as an oral (by mouth) dietary supplement for calming anxiety, stress, and other conditions. It is also used for aromatherapy and topical use

• Plant Type: Evergreen, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 2'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Gray-green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean

Texas Privet, Glossy Privet

Ligustrum lucidum



The Glossy Privet is a relative of the Olive, and can attract songbirds. However, it has a pungent odor and the tree contains moderately toxic glycosides. It is not poisonous if touched.

Medicinal Use

The Texas Privet otherwise known as the Ligustrum lucidum is a toxic plant. Only the seeds are used for medicinal purposes. The seeds are used for a bitter tonic for the liver that stimulates the detox function, which helps clear toxins.

• Plant Type: Evergreen tree or shrub
• Mature Height: 15'-50'
• Mature Width: 8'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7a to10b
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Central to Southern China, South Korea

Aleppo Pine

Pinus halepensis



The Aleppo Pine, favored by squirrels and birds, is often found in California but is native to the Western Mediterranean region. It is known for its needle-shaped leaves, pine cone production, and ability to withstand extreme soil and weather conditions.

Medicinal Use

The Aleppo Pine's sap is an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant. The needles are used to make tea high in vitamin C.

• Plant Type: Conifer, Evergreen
• Mature Height: 30'-50'
• Mature Width: 24"
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Western Mediterranean

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus



Originally native to the Mediterranean region, Rosemary is now widely cultivated worldwide. Its aromatic leaves are often used in cooking as an herb. The name Rosemary means 'dew of the sea', aptly named because it can tolerate salty coastlines.

Medicinal Use

Traditionally, rosemary has been used to improve memory, relieve muscle pain and muscle spasms, stimulate hair growth, and support the circulatory and nervous systems.

• Plant Type: Herb, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 4'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 10b
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Africa, Europe, Western Asia, Mediterranean

Senna/Cassia

Cassia artemioides



The Senna or Cassia is a billowing, upright, lacy shrub with yellow flowers that attract birds and butterflies with its strong, musky fragrance.

Medicinal Use

Cassia artemisioides or Feathery Cassia is primarily used for its bean pods. The bean pods are said to be used as a laxative by many cultures and in commercial preparations.

• Plant Type: Evergreen perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 3'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Gray
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Australia

Pink Trumpet Tree

Tabebulia impetiginosa



The Pink Trumpet Tree is the national tree of Paraguay and commonly planted worldwide for its dramatic pink flowers. It is widely used in herbal medicine to treat respiratory conditions as an antibiotic and immunostimulant.

Medicinal Use

The Pink Trumpet Tree is widely used in herbal medicine to treat respiratory conditions and as an antibiotic. It has also been used as an immunostimulant.

• Plant Type: Usually Evergreen, Deciduous in locations with a dry season
• Mature Height: 30'
• Mature Width: 15'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Central, South America

Calla Lily

Zantedeschia aethiopica



Calla Lilies help purify the air by absorbing airborne pollutants. Calla Lilies can be evergreen in habitats moderate temperatures and lots of water, but are deciduous in cold temperatures or if there is a prolonged period with little water. They are commonly found growing along stream banks, ponds, and marshes.

Medicinal Use

The Calla Lily is toxic and should not be ingested.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-1.5'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Africa

Return to Map

• Section 7C

Section 7C

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Century Plant

Agave americana



With a life span of ten to twenty-five years, the Agave americana is known for its size, ranging from six to ten feet wide with thick barbed blue-green leaves. It produces yellow flowers from a tall stalk in the plant's center, which bloom once during the plant's lifetime. after which the agave dies.

Medicinal Use

The Agave's sap can be used for low-glycemic index sweeteners, and the fibers of the leaves can be used for clothes. The roots of the plant are also used to distill Tequila.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 6'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southwestern United States, Mexico

Columbine

Aquilegia vulgaris



The Columbine is an herbaceous perennial plant known for its showy spring flowers that are attractive to hummingbirds. It requires uniformly moist soil and needs to be trimmed down as its foliage declines by late summer.

Medicinal Use

The Columbine plant's reported uses are for gallbladder disorders, digestive disorders, scurvy and rashes. Research has yet to prove efficacy.

• Plant Type: Perennial
• Mature Height: 1.5'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 3 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Blue, Violet, White, Pink, Red
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Europe

Mugwort

Artemisia douglasiana



Mugwort can be found in every California county. It is part of the sunflower family and very aromatic. Native Americans use this plant in many ceremonies, and it is purported to be a dream enhancer.

Medicinal Use

Mugwort is a ground cover that has been used in traditional Chinese, Hindu, and European medicine to regulate the functioning of the gastrointestinal system and treat gynecological conditions.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 8'
• Mature Width: 4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 3 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White, Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Western United States, Baja California

Tropical Milkweed

Asclepias curassavica



Tropical Milkweed's bright flowers are a staple for pollinators like hummingbirds and butterflies. Its long leaves are a food source for Monarch butterfly larvae.

Medicinal Use

A tea made from the root can be used for headaches, coughs, and bloody diarrhea. The milky stem latex is used to treat warts, calluses, corns, and skin sores.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange, Yellow, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Central America, South America

Hawthorn

Crataegeus laevigate



The Hawthorn is a small landscape tree in the rose family. It is notable for its spring bloom of white flowers, followed by small red fruits. It is sometimes pruned into a hedge because it is low-branching and thorny.

Medicinal Use

Hawthorn is widely used as a heart tonic and can be found on pharmacy shelves in Europe. It also has many other uses: anti-diarrheic, antispasmodic, astringent, carminative, digestant, diuretic, emmenagogue, and sedative.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 15'-20'
• Mature Width: 15'-20'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 4 to 7
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink, White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Europe

Iris

Iris species



There are over two or three hundred species of Iris, with bearded irises being the most popular. The American Iris Society groups bearded irises based on size: miniature dwarf, dwarf, intermediate, miniature tall, border, and tall.

• Plant Type: Flowering plant genus
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Hollywood Juniper

Juniperus chinensis 'Torulosa'



The Hollywood Juniper is a tough tree in the cypress family that can tolerate full sun, heat, drought, and most soil types. Its twisted form with tufts of dark green foliage give it a windswept look. It is a signature tree that was once commonly used in southern California landscapes.

Medicinal Use

The Hollywood Juniper's seed pods are the only known part that is used, and they are used to treat urinary tract infections and lung congestion, as well as flavoring for meats and in drinks such as Gin. Its aromatic oil is used as an antiseptic.

• Plant Type: Needled Evergreen
• Mature Height: 10'-15'
• Mature Width: 6'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Green
• Native To: China, Mongolia, Japan

Lavender

Lavandula angustifolia



The name 'Lavender' comes from the Latin verb “lavare,” meaning “to wash.” Lavender’s popular scent has commonly been used as an ingredient in bath products, perfumes, and aromatherapy.

Medicinal Use

Lavender is used as an oral (by mouth) dietary supplement for calming anxiety, stress, and other conditions. It is also used for aromatherapy and topical use

• Plant Type: Evergreen, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 2'
• Mature Width: 3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Gray-green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mediterranean

Tea Tree

Melaleuca alternifolia



The oil from the Tea Tree is strongly antiseptic and has numerous other medicinal uses. However, the oil is quite poisonous if taken internally.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Tea Tree are used as an antiseptic immuno-stimulant active against bacteria, fungi and viruses in the form of tea. The oils from the tree are used for topical application.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 19'
• Mature Width: 13'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Australia

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

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• Section 7D

Section 7D

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Tropical Milkweed

Asclepias curassavica



Tropical Milkweed's bright flowers are a staple for pollinators like hummingbirds and butterflies. Its long leaves are a food source for Monarch butterfly larvae.

Medicinal Use

A tea made from the root can be used for headaches, coughs, and bloody diarrhea. The milky stem latex is used to treat warts, calluses, corns, and skin sores.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange, Yellow, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Central America, South America

Carob Tree, Locust Tree

Ceratonia siliqua



The Carob has been a food source for humans for millennia. The seeds are exceptionally uniform in weight and were supposedly used as the original jeweler's carat weight. Ground carob powder is a common substitute for chocolate.

Medicinal Use

The bean pods of the Carob Tree are the only part of the tree used medicinally. The bean pods have been used to soothe an upset stomach, as a laxative or kidney tonic, and to help treat diarrhea.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 25'-40'
• Mature Width: 30'-40'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Middle East

Camphor Tree

Cinnamomum camphora



The Camphor Tree is the source of camphor oil, which is distilled from its wood chips. Its abundant purple berries provide a good food source for birds. Although this tree has been a popular choice for urban planting, if planted close to sidewalks it tends to push up sidewalks and crack asphalt.

Medicinal Use

The oil in the Camphor Tree is said to be analgesic and antiseptic. It is frequently used in muscle ointments.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 40'-70'
• Mature Width: 50'-60'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: China, Japan

Cinnamon Tree

Cinnamomum verum



The Cinnamon Tree's name originated from the Greek word "Kinnamomon," meaning "true spice." Oils from its foliage are often used in food, beverages, soaps, and candles. This tree is native to Sri Lanka and thrives in warm and wet climates.

Medicinal Use

The Cinnamon Tree is well known for the cinnamon spice. It is also used medicinally for controlling blood glucose levels, improving circulation, breaking fevers, lowering blood pressure, and helps to stop bleeding.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub or Tree
• Mature Height: 25'-30'
• Mature Width: 15'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Sri Lanka

Peppermint

Mentha piperita



"Peppermint is a cross between Wintermint and Spearmint.
"

Medicinal Use

Peppermint is used to calm an upset stomach and aid in digestion. Its calming and numbing effects mean it has been used to treat headaches, skin irritation, nausea, diarrhea and menstrual cramps.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 1'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Europe, Middle East

Chinese Pistache

Pistacia chinensis



The Chinese Pistache is tolerant to drought, heat, and pollution, meaning it is often used in urban environments. It produces a green, umbrella-like canopy in the spring and its leaves turn orange and red in the fall. At full maturity, it generally reaches around 35 feet.

Medicinal Use

Chinese Pistache is used for the treatment of asthma, diarrhea, diabetes, liver disease, fever, pain, and inflammation.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 24'-40'
• Mature Width: 25'-35'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 6 to 9
• Colors: Green, Autumnal Colors in Fall
• Bloom Color: Red
• Bloom Season: Spring, Fall
• Native To: China

Pomegranate

Punica granatum



The Pomegranate gets its name from the Latin word for apple (pomium). It can grow as a tree or shrub, and produces trumpet-shaped orange and red flowers that yield round hard skinned fruits. The seeds, along with the juicy sacs that surround the seeds, are edible and the juice is used to make Grenadine.

Medicinal Use

The peel, seeds, and juice of the Pomegranate tree have medicinal properties. It is an astringent that helps kill intestinal parasites. Pomegranate also acts as an antiviral, controls diarrhea, is high in antioxidants, and helps reduce plaque in veins and arteries. Pomegranate has also been shown to have anti-tumoral activity for breast cancer.

• Plant Type: Deciduous shrub
• Mature Height: 6'-20'
• Mature Width: 4'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Mid and Western Asia

Cleveland Sage

Salvia clevelandia



Cleveland sage is a small, evergreen shrub, native to Southern California and a part of the chaparral and coastal sage scrub plant communities. Its gray-green leaves and purple flowers are very fragrant, attracting hummingbirds, butterflies, bees, and other pollinators. It survives on annual rainfall alone.

Medicinal Use

Cleveland Sage leaves have been used to treat coughs and chest colds, and to help heal poison ivy infections. The Kumeyaay have also used the leaves for ceremonial smudges and home fumigation.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Shrub
• Mature Height: 3'-4'
• Mature Width: 8'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: Purple, Blue
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Southern California

Nasturtium

Tropacolum majus



Derived from the Greek word tropaion and the Latin word tropaeum meaning trophy, Nasturtium flowers are shaped like trophies. A vigorous climber, all its parts are edible (except the roots) and have a peppery taste. Its flowers attract pollinators.

Medicinal Use

Nasturtium is a ground cover that has been linked to antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, and anticancer effects. The flowers provide a source of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.

• Plant Type: Annual
• Mature Height: 1'-10'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 2a to 11b
• Colors: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Pink, Red, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Central and South America

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• Section 7E

Section 7E

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Silk Tree

Albizia jubilbrussin



The Silk Tree, also known as the Mimosa Tree, can grow a single trunk or multiple trunks. It has fragrant pink pom-pom flowers that bloom between May and July in mass, attracting bees and butterflies.

Medicinal Use

The Silk Tree's inner bark and flowers are used medicinally. The inner bark has been used as an astringent, sedative, diuretic, analgesic, appetite stimulant, and antidepressant. The Flower from the tree can be used to make an anti-anxiety tea.

• Plant Type: Deciduous tree
• Mature Height: 20'-40'
• Mature Width: 20'-50'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 6a to 9b
• Colors: Green, Brown
• Bloom Color: Pink, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Iran, India, China, Japan

Lemon Verbena

Aloysia citrodora



Lemon Verbena is native to Argentina and Chile and is a popular garden plant in the Western United States. Its leaves are strongest while the plant is flowering and can be used for tea, jams, and flavoring.

Medicinal Use

Lemon Verbena is used as a natural remedy for digestive issues.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-4'
• Mature Width: 2'-4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Argentina, Chile

Tropical Milkweed

Asclepias curassavica



Tropical Milkweed's bright flowers are a staple for pollinators like hummingbirds and butterflies. Its long leaves are a food source for Monarch butterfly larvae.

Medicinal Use

A tea made from the root can be used for headaches, coughs, and bloody diarrhea. The milky stem latex is used to treat warts, calluses, corns, and skin sores.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 11b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange, Yellow, Red
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Central America, South America

Angel's Trumpet

Brugmansia arborea



The Angel's Trumpet tree is native to South American and is related to the Jimson Weed. Its long trumpet-like flowers have a wonderful scent. Both the flowers and seeds are poisonous.

Medicinal Use

All parts of the Angel's Trumpet tree are considered poisonous. Eating the plant can cause disturbing hallucinations, paralysis, tachycardia, memory loss, and can be fatal. Atropine and scopolamine are used in various medicines in small, controlled quantities. Some of the medicinal uses are to dry up and dilate bronchia, dilate eyes, and relieve bowel distress.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 10'-15'
• Mature Width: 10'-12'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: South America

Happy Tree

Camptotheca acuminata



The Happy Tree is a tropical tree with a conical shape, oval leaves, and small white showy flowers in clusters. It requires moderate amounts of water. Its bark and leaves are believed to contain compounds with anti-cancer properties.

Medicinal Use

The Happy Tree's leaves are used as a tranquilizing tea in China. Ongoing research is being conducted to see if the leaves can aid in developing an anticancer drug to treat leukemia and other blood cancers.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Perennial
• Mature Height: 50'-60'
• Mature Width: 20'-50'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 10 to 12
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southern China, Tibet

Camphor Tree

Cinnamomum camphora



The Camphor Tree is the source of camphor oil, which is distilled from its wood chips. Its abundant purple berries provide a good food source for birds. Although this tree has been a popular choice for urban planting, if planted close to sidewalks it tends to push up sidewalks and crack asphalt.

Medicinal Use

The oil in the Camphor Tree is said to be analgesic and antiseptic. It is frequently used in muscle ointments.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 40'-70'
• Mature Width: 50'-60'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: China, Japan

Mexican Mint

Coleus amboinicus



Mexican Mint is commonly used in folk medicine to address various ailments, including but not limited to asthma, headaches, skin disorders, coughs, constipation, colds, and fevers.

Medicinal Use

Numerous pharmacological properties of Coleus amboinicus crude extracts have been documented, including but not limited to antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, wound healing, analgesic, antirheumatic, and various other therapeutic effects.

• Plant Type: Perennial
• Mature Height: 1.5'
• Mature Width: 2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9a to 11b
• Colors: Gray-green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India

Iris

Iris species



There are over two or three hundred species of Iris, with bearded irises being the most popular. The American Iris Society groups bearded irises based on size: miniature dwarf, dwarf, intermediate, miniature tall, border, and tall.

• Plant Type: Flowering plant genus
• Sun Needs: Full Sun

Lion's Tail, Wild Dagga

Leonotis Leonorus



Lion's Tail is native to southern Africa and grows best in full sun with well-drained soils. It produces orange flowers that resemble lion's tails, which is how it got its name.

Medicinal Use

Lion's Tail is used as a decoction, both orally and topically to relieve hemorrhoids, eczema, skin rashes, muscular cramps, headaches and chest infections. The dried leaves and flowers have also been smoked to help relieve epilepsy.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 3'-6'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Orange
• Bloom Season: Year-round
• Native To: Southern Africa

Peppermint

Mentha piperita



Peppermint is a cross between Wintermint and Spearmint.

Medicinal Use

Peppermint is used to calm an upset stomach and aid in digestion. Its calming and numbing effects mean it has been used to treat headaches, skin irritation, nausea, diarrhea and menstrual cramps.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 1'-3'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Europe, Middle East

White Mulberry

Morus alba



The White Mulberry is a large tree with glossy green leaves that produces edible fruit. It is often too big for home gardens, as it must have full sun and room to spread. Its weak branch structure, lack of resistance to pests, and messy fruit drop require a high level of maintenance.

Medicinal Use

Almost all parts of the White Mulberry tree are used in medicinal practices, including the fruit, bark, leaves, and flowers. These parts of the White Mulberry tree are used in conjunction with one another to help in the treatment of colds, coughs, asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and constipation.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Tree
• Mature Height: 50'
• Mature Width: 30'-50'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 4 to 8
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Green, White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: China

Oak Species

Quercus Species



Oaks come in various sizes ranging from shrubs to large trees. Oak species can be evergreen or deciduous.

• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• Colors: Green, Brown, Gray
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: North America, Europe, Asia.

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus



Originally native to the Mediterranean region, Rosemary is now widely cultivated worldwide. Its aromatic leaves are often used in cooking as an herb. The name Rosemary means 'dew of the sea', aptly named because it can tolerate salty coastlines.

Medicinal Use

Traditionally, Rosemary has been used to improve memory, relieve muscle pain and muscle spasms, stimulate hair growth, and support the circulatory and nervous systems.

• Plant Type: Herb, Perennial shrub
• Mature Height: 4'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-4'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8a to 10b
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Africa, Europe, Western Asia, Mediterranean

Mexican Bush Sage

Salvia leucantha



Mexican Sage, also called Velvet Sage, is a part of the mint family. The Latin word Salveo means "be well". Mexican Sage attracts butterflies, hummingbirds, and other pollinators.

• Plant Type: Perennial Shrub
• Mature Height: 2'-3'
• Mature Width: 2'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7b-10b
• Colors: Gray-green
• Bloom Color: Purple
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Mexico, Central America

Goldenrod

Solidago canadensis



Goldenrod is a perennial in the daisy family with small yellow flowers in cascading clusters. It spreads by seeds and rhizomes and it is attractive to butterflies and bees.

Medicinal Use

The leaves of the Goldenrod are made into teas and then used to help treat kidney disorders, urinary tract infections, overactive bladder conditions, and prostatic diseases.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 2'-6'
• Mature Width: 4'-6'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 5a to 9b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Canada, United States

Chinese Jujube

Zizyphus jujuba



The Chinese Jujube is known for its resilience and ability to thrive in various urban environments. It has a rounded canopy with glossy, dark green leaves that provide ample shade. In the spring, it produces small, fragrant yellow flowers that attract bees and other pollinators. By late summer, the tree bears small, edible fruits that start green and ripen to a reddish-brown color, and are often enjoyed for their sweet, tangy flavor. Its twisted, gnarled branches add a unique visual interest, making it a charming addition to parks and gardens.

Medicinal Use

The fruit from the Chinese Jujube is used to ease the digestive process, increase stamina and endurance, and help liver function.

• Plant Type: Deciduous
• Mature Height: 30'
• Mature Width: 10'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: Green, Gray
• Bloom Color: Green, Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: China

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• Section 8A

Section 8A

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Agave, Century Plant

Agave americana



With a life span of ten to twenty-five years, the Agave americana is known for its size, ranging from six to ten feet wide with thick barbed blue-green leaves. It produces yellow flowers from a tall stalk in the plant's center, which bloom once during the plant's lifetime. after which the agave dies.

Medicinal Use

The Agave's sap can be used for low-glycemic index sweeteners, and the fibers of the leaves can be used for clothes. The roots of the plant are also used to distill Tequila.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 6'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southwestern United States, Mexico

Sugar Gum

Eucalyptus cladocalyx



The Sugar Gum is a large, drought-tolerant eucalyptus that has fragrant white flowers that bloom in the summer or fall. Its fruits have a distinctive bowl shape and its smooth bark peels away to reveal a multitude of brown, cream, and gray colors underneath.

Medicinal Use

Eucalyptus essential oils have been widely used in traditional medicine for helping treat airborne infectious diseases. These oils have also been used similarly to disinfectant.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 90'
• Mature Width: 45'-75'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Green, Cream
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Summer, Fall
• Native To: Southern Australia

Torrey Pine

Pinus torreyana



Torrey pines only occur naturally in two areas of California: along the coast of northern San Diego in or near the Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve and on Santa Rosa Island. The Torrey Pine is the rarest pine in the United States.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 50'
• Mature Width: 20'-25'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8
• Colors: Brown, Gray, Green, Silver
• Bloom Color: Brown
• Bloom Season: Winter
• Native To: California

Engelmann Oak

Quercus engelmannii



The Engelmann Oak grows only in savannas and foothills of Southern California. It has inconspicuous yellow flowers and produces medium brown acorns in the fall and winter that are favored by wildlife.

Medicinal Use

Parts of the plant can be used as an astringent or to treat dysentery.

• Plant Type: Partly Deciduous
• Mature Height: 25'-60'
• Mature Width: 80'-120'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Green
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Lemonade Berry

Rhus integrefolia



Lemonade Berry can grow as a shrub or small tree, depending on conditions. It thrives in low-elevation coastal canyons. It produces tart berries from February to May that are a significant food source for birds and small mammals.

Medicinal Use

Tea from the stems of Lemonade Berry can be used to treat coughs. Tea made from the bark, berries, or leaves can be gargled for sore throats or cold sores. Allergies are common to Lemonade Berry so caution is advised if consuming for the first time.

• Plant Type: Evergreen
• Mature Height: 3'-30'
• Mature Width: 3'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Southern California

Return to Map

• Section 8B

Section 8B

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Coast Live Oak

Quercus agrifolia



This prominent and iconic tree species is native to the coastal regions of California. It is well-adapted to San Diego’s climate, featuring dark leathery leaves that remain on the tree year-round. These trees can live for several centuries and serve as an important habitat and food source for local animal populations.

Medicinal Use

The Coast Live Oak's inner bark is an astringent that has been used for gum inflammations, sore throats, and an intestinal tonic.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 70'
• Mature Width: 30'-70'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green, Brown, Gray
• Bloom Color: Brown, Yellow-Green
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Engelmann Oak

Quercus engelmannii



The Engelmann Oak grows only in savannas and foothills of Southern California. It has inconspicuous yellow flowers and produces medium brown acorns in the fall and winter that are favored by wildlife.

Medicinal Use

Parts of the plant can be used as an astringent or to treat dysentery.

• Plant Type: Partly Deciduous
• Mature Height: 25'-60'
• Mature Width: 80'-120'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Green
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Mexican Elderberry

Sambucus mexicana



Blue Elderberry acts as an important food source for wildlife, especially birds. The blossoms also attract butterflies and bees and the fruit is edible to humans if cooked first.

Medicinal Use

The Blue Elderberry's blossoms are used in tea to help break fevers, and the juice from the berries has been used to help treat flu and viral infections.

• Plant Type: Deciduous Shrub
• Mature Height: 20'-30'
• Mature Width: 20'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 6 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Cream, Blue, Purple
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Southwestern United States

Return to Map

• Section 8C

Section 8C

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Century Plant

Agave americana



With a life span of ten to twenty-five years, the Agave americana is known for its size, ranging from six to ten feet wide with thick barbed blue-green leaves. It produces yellow flowers from a tall stalk in the plant's center, which bloom once during the plant's lifetime. after which the agave dies.

Medicinal Use

The Agave's sap can be used for low-glycemic index sweeteners, and the fibers of the leaves can be used for clothes. The roots of the plant are also used to distill Tequila.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 6'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southwestern United States, Mexico

Cholla

Cylindropuntia prolifera



Coastal Cholla is a shrub that is native to Southern California. It is primarily found along the southern coast and the Channel Islands, where it is often found growing on ocean bluffs. It is part of the cactus family and produces spectacular magenta flowers in the spring.

Medicinal Use

In Mexico, the roots of the Cholla are used to treat inflammation, flu, stomach pain, and urinary tract infections.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Water Needs: Low
• Mature Height: 10'
• Mature Width: 1'-5'
• Sun Needs: Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

California Bush Sunflower

Encelia californica



The California Bush Sunflower is a Southern California native and a member of the daisy family. Its fragrant flowers attract pollinators like butterflies and bees and it grows rapidly in almost any soil type.

Medicinal Use

California native people have mashed and boiled all parts of the California Bush Sunflower to form a thick paste that can be spread on aching joints. The paste can also be dissolved in warm water for a soothing bath.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 2'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-7'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Brown, Yellow, Purple
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Southern California

Bushy Yate

Eucalyptus conferruminata



Bushy Yate is a medium-sized shade tree.It is usually multi-trunked and prefers temperate coastal conditions. It was previously commonly misidentified as Eucalyptus lehmannii throughout California.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 25'
• Mature Width: 15'-30'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7a to 9a
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Green
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Australia

Horehound

Marrubium vulgare



The Horehound is a part of the mint family. It grows slowly to about two feet in height, can become weedy, and has small white flowers which bloom over a long period. Its leaves have a musky odor when crushed and they can be harvested and used fresh or dried for various folk remedies.

Medicinal Use

Horehound is used as an expectorant for coughs caused by the common cold and bronchitis.

• Plant Type: Herbaceous Perennial
• Mature Height: 1'-2'
• Mature Width: 1'-2'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 3a to 9b
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
• Native To: Europe, Northern Africa, Southwestern and Central Asia

Coast Live Oak

Quercus agrifolia



This prominent and iconic tree species is native to the coastal regions of California. It is well-adapted to San Diego’s climate, featuring dark leathery leaves that remain on the tree year-round. These trees can live for several centuries and serve as an important habitat and food source for local animal populations.

Medicinal Use

The Coast Live Oak's inner bark is an astringent that has been used for gum inflammations, sore throats, and an intestinal tonic.

• Plant Type: Evergreen Tree
• Mature Height: 70'
• Mature Width: 30'-70'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Green, Brown, Gray
• Bloom Color: Brown, Yellow-Green
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: California

Stinging Nettle

Urtica dioica

Commonly known as 'Stinging Nettle' due to an intense burning sensation lasting several minutes caused by the hairs on the plant's leaves and stems. Tea made from the leaves has been used to treat hay fever, diabetes, gout, and arthritis. Fresh leaves may be applied to arthritic joints to stimulate blood flow.

Medicinal Use

The hairs and spines of Stinging Nettle are normally very painful to the touch. However, when they come in contact with an already painful area of the body, they can actually reduce the original pain. Scientists think nettle does this by interfering with how the body transmits pain signals.

• Plant Type: Perennial Herb
• Mature Height: 3'-9'
• Mature Width: 1'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 4a-10b
• Colors: Green, Gold
• Bloom Color: Green, White
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Europe, Asia, Africa, western North America

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• Edge Plants

Edge Plants

The information about medicinal uses of plants included on this website is not intended to diagnose or treat any illness or health condition. The information is for personal education only. To treat illnesses, please consult a doctor or other medical professional.

Agave, Century Plant

Agave americana



With a life span of ten to twenty-five years, the Agave americana is known for its size, ranging from six to ten feet wide with thick barbed blue-green leaves. It produces yellow flowers from a tall stalk in the plant's center, which bloom once during the plant's lifetime. after which the agave dies.

Medicinal Use

The Agave's sap can be used for low-glycemic index sweeteners, and the fibers of the leaves can be used for clothes. The roots of the plant are also used to distill Tequila.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Water Needs: Low
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 6'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Blue-green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southwestern United States, Mexico

Agave, Century Plant Variegated

Agave Americana 'Marginata'



With a life span of ten to twenty-five years, the Agave americana is known for its size, ranging from six to ten feet wide with thick barbed blue-yellow leaves. It produces yellow flowers from a tall stalk in the plant's center, which bloom once during the plant's lifetime. after which the agave dies. Agave Americana 'Marginata' has distinct yellow striping long the outside of the leaves.

Medicinal Use

The Agave's sap can be used for low-glycemic index sweeteners, and the fibers of the leaves can be used for clothes. The roots of the plant are also used to distill Tequila.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Water Needs: Low
• Mature Height: 6'-10'
• Mature Width: 6'-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 8 to 10
• Colors: Blue, Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southwestern United States, Mexico

California Bush Sunflower

Encelia californica



The California Bush Sunflower is a Southern California native and a member of the daisy family. Its fragrant flowers attract pollinators like butterflies and bees and it grows rapidly in almost any soil type.

Medicinal Use

California native people have mashed and boiled all parts of the California Bush Sunflower to form a thick paste that can be spread on aching joints. The paste can also be dissolved in warm water for a soothing bath.

• Plant Type: Shrub
• Mature Height: 2'-5'
• Mature Width: 3'-7'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 9 to 10
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Brown, Yellow, Purple
• Bloom Season: Winter, Spring
• Native To: Southern California

Candelabra Tree

Euphorbia ingens



The Candelabra Tree gets very tall, reaching a mature height of up to 40 feet, with an abundance of branches. It produces small yellow flowers and red fruit. As with all Euphorbia, the milky sap of this plant is a skin irritant. Care should be taken when handling.

Medicinal Use

Like other euphorbias, the latex from the Candelabra Tree is caustic and can be harmful if it comes into contact with skin.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Mature Height: 20'-50'
• Mature Width: 6-10'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 10 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Summer
• Native To: Southern Africa

Yucca

Hesperoyucca whipplei



The Yucca is extremely drought-resistant and is native to San Diego and Baja Mexico. It produces sharp, rigid leaves that display bell-shaped purple or white flowers when in bloom. The Yucca is an important plant to the Kumeyaay tribe of San Diego which uses the whole plant for food--stalk, roots, and seeds.

Medicinal Use

Yucca fruit and flowers can be eaten raw or dried, crushed and used as a flavoring.

• Plant Type: Succulent
• Mature Height: 2'-12'
• Mature Width: 2'-3'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 8 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Pink, Purple, White
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Southern California

Prickly Pear

Opuntia ficus-indica



The Prickly Pear Cactus produces both edible pads and fruits. Nopales (the pads of the cactus) are often used in Mexican cuisine, while prickly pear fruits are sweet and are enjoyed fresh or used in various culinary applications, such as jams and beverages.(Note: plants in Balboa Park may not be cut or harvested in any way)

Medicinal Use

The fruit of the Pickly Pear is high in anti-oxidants.

• Plant Type: Cactus
• Water Needs: Low
• Mature Height: 10'-15'
• Mature Width: 10'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun
• USDA Zones: 9 to 11
• Colors: Green
• Bloom Color: Yellow, Orange, Red
• Bloom Season: Spring, Summer
• Native To: Mexico

Arborescent Prickly Pear

Opuntia leucotricha



Originating from central Mexico, this shrubby cactus can grow in a tree-like form, which led to it being called the ‘arborescent’ prickly pear. It has bright yellow flowers and fruit that is quite fragrant and often found in Mexican markets.

• Plant Type: Cactus
• Water Needs: Low
• Mature Height: 16'
• Mature Width: 1'-15'
• Sun Needs: Full Sun to Partial Shade
• USDA Zones: 7 to 10
• Colors: Green , Yellow
• Bloom Color: Yellow
• Bloom Season: Spring
• Native To: Mexico

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